The difference in cortical activation pattern for complex motor skills: A functional near- infrared spectroscopy study

Seung Hyun Lee, Sang Hyeon Jin, Jinung An, Seung Hyun Lee, Sang Hyeon Jin, Jinung An

Abstract

The human brain is lateralized to dominant or non-dominant hemispheres, and controlled through large-scale neural networks between correlated cortical regions. Recently, many neuroimaging studies have been conducted to examine the origin of brain lateralization, but this is still unclear. In this study, we examined the differences in brain activation in subjects according to dominant and non-dominant hands while using chopsticks. Fifteen healthy right-handed subjects were recruited to perform tasks which included transferring almonds using stainless steel chopsticks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to acquire the hemodynamic response over the primary sensory-motor cortex (SM1), premotor area (PMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and frontal cortex. We measured the concentrations of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin induced during the use of chopsticks with dominant and non-dominant hands. While using the dominant hand, brain activation was observed on the contralateral side. While using the non-dominant hand, brain activation was observed on the ipsilateral side as well as the contralateral side. These results demonstrate dominance and functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemisphere.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cortical activation patterns of chopstick tasks. (a) cortical mapping based on changes in oxy-hemoglobin using left hand (non-dominant), (b) cortical mapping based on changes in oxy-hemoglobin using right hand (dominant) movement. (c) cortical mapping based on changes in oxy-hemoglobin using left hand (non-dominant) and (d) cortical mapping based on changes in oxy-hemoglobin using right hand (dominant) movement.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative plots of changes in oxy- and deoxy- hemoglobin concentration in the M1. (a) changes in oxy-hemoglobin during left hand (non-dominant) and (b) right hand (dominant) movement. (c) changes in deoxy-hemoglobin during left hand (non-dominant) and (d) right hand (dominant) movement.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Laterality values for the right and left hands while using the chopsticks. (a) individual laterality index for left hand using the chopsticks, (b) individual laterality index for right hand using chopsticks, (c) average values of laterality index for the right and left hands. HbO: oxygenated hemoglobin; HbR: deoxygenated hemoglobin.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Experimental setup and protocol. (a) hand position with chopsticks, (b) configuration of fNIRS channels, and (c) chopsticks protocol used in the experiment.

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