Prevalence of interferon type I signature in CD14 monocytes of patients with Sjogren's syndrome and association with disease activity and BAFF gene expression
Zana Brkic, Naomi I Maria, Cornelia G van Helden-Meeuwsen, Joop P van de Merwe, Paul L van Daele, Virgil A Dalm, Manon E Wildenberg, Wouter Beumer, Hemmo A Drexhage, Marjan A Versnel, Zana Brkic, Naomi I Maria, Cornelia G van Helden-Meeuwsen, Joop P van de Merwe, Paul L van Daele, Virgil A Dalm, Manon E Wildenberg, Wouter Beumer, Hemmo A Drexhage, Marjan A Versnel
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of upregulation of interferon (IFN) type I inducible genes, the so called 'IFN type I signature', in CD14 monocytes in 69 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and 44 healthy controls (HC) and correlate it with disease manifestations and expression of B cell activating factor (BAFF).
Methods: Expression of IFI44L, IFI44, IFIT3, LY6E and MX1 was measured using real time quantitative PCR in monocytes. Expression values were used to calculate IFN type I scores for each subject. pSS patients positive for the IFN type I signature (IFN score≥10) and patients negative for the signature (IFN score<10) were then compared for clinical disease manifestations and BAFF expression. A bioassay using a monocytic cell line was performed to study whether BAFF mRNA expression was inducible by IFN type I activity in serum of patients with pSS.
Results: An IFN type I signature was present in 55% of patients with pSS compared with 4.5% of HC. Patients with the IFN type I signature showed: (a) higher EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index scores; higher anti-Ro52, anti-Ro60 and anti-La autoantibodies; higher rheumatoid factor; higher serum IgG; lower C3, lower absolute lymphocyte and neutrophil counts; (b)higher BAFF gene expression in monocytes. In addition, serum of signature-positive patients induced BAFF gene expression in monocytes.
Conclusions: The monocyte IFN type I signature identifies a subgroup of patients with pSS with a higher clinical disease activity together with higher BAFF mRNA expression. Such patients might benefit from treatment blocking IFN type I production or activity.
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References
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