A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Bamlanivimab and Etesevimab Together in High-Risk Ambulatory Patients With COVID-19 and Validation of the Prognostic Value of Persistently High Viral Load
Michael Dougan, Masoud Azizad, Bharat Mocherla, Robert L Gottlieb, Peter Chen, Corey Hebert, Russell Perry, Joseph Boscia, Barry Heller, Jason Morris, Chad Crystal, Awawu Igbinadolor, Gregory Huhn, Jose Cardona, Imad Shawa, Princy Kumar, Andra Blomkalns, Andrew C Adams, Jacob Van Naarden, Kenneth L Custer, Jack Knorr, Gerard Oakley, Andrew E Schade, Timothy R Holzer, Philip J Ebert, Richard E Higgs, Janelle Sabo, Dipak R Patel, Matan C Dabora, Mark Williams, Paul Klekotka, Lei Shen, Daniel M Skovronsky, Ajay Nirula, Michael Dougan, Masoud Azizad, Bharat Mocherla, Robert L Gottlieb, Peter Chen, Corey Hebert, Russell Perry, Joseph Boscia, Barry Heller, Jason Morris, Chad Crystal, Awawu Igbinadolor, Gregory Huhn, Jose Cardona, Imad Shawa, Princy Kumar, Andra Blomkalns, Andrew C Adams, Jacob Van Naarden, Kenneth L Custer, Jack Knorr, Gerard Oakley, Andrew E Schade, Timothy R Holzer, Philip J Ebert, Richard E Higgs, Janelle Sabo, Dipak R Patel, Matan C Dabora, Mark Williams, Paul Klekotka, Lei Shen, Daniel M Skovronsky, Ajay Nirula
Abstract
Background: Based on interim analyses and modeling data, lower doses of bamlanivimab and etesevimab together (700/1400 mg) were investigated to determine optimal dose and expand availability of treatment.
Methods: This Phase 3 portion of the BLAZE-1 trial characterized the effect of bamlanivimab with etesevimab on overall patient clinical status and virologic outcomes in ambulatory patients ≥12 years old, with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and ≥1 risk factor for progressing to severe COVID-19 and/or hospitalization. Bamlanivimab and etesevimab together (700/1400 mg) or placebo were infused intravenously within 3 days of patients' first positive COVID-19 test.
Results: In total, 769 patients were infused (median age [range]; 56.0 years [12, 93], 30.3% of patients ≥65 years of age and median duration of symptoms; 4 days). By day 29, 4/511 patients (0.8%) in the antibody treatment group had a COVID-19-related hospitalization or any-cause death, as compared with 15/258 patients (5.8%) in the placebo group (Δ[95% confidence interval {CI}] = -5.0 [-8.0, -2.1], P < .001). No deaths occurred in the bamlanivimab and etesevimab group compared with 4 deaths (all COVID-19-related) in the placebo group. Patients receiving antibody treatment had a greater mean reduction in viral load from baseline to Day 7 (Δ[95% CI] = -0.99 [-1.33, -.66], P < .0001) compared with those receiving placebo. Persistently high viral load at Day 7 correlated with COVID-19-related hospitalization or any-cause death by Day 29 in all BLAZE-1 cohorts investigated.
Conclusions: These data support the use of bamlanivimab and etesevimab (700/1400 mg) for ambulatory patients at high risk for severe COVID-19. Evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants will require continued monitoring to determine the applicability of this treatment.
Clinical trials registration: NCT04427501.
Keywords: COVID-19; bamlanivimab; etesevimab; persistently high viral load.
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
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Source: PubMed