Zidovudine / Lamivudine + Nevirapine Twice Daily, Versus Tenofovir + Lamivudine + Nevirapine Once Daily in ARV-Naive Patients

Inclusion Criteria:

• HIV-1 infection, confirmed by a western-blot assay, at least 6 months after primary infection
• Age > or equal to 18 years of age
• No prior antiretroviral treatment
• Karnofsky superior to 60%
• CD4 T cells < 350/µL (2 measures, with at least a 1-month interval) in women, study will be proposed when CD4 cell count is below 250/µL, as nevirapine liver toxicity increases (X10) when CD4 are > 250/µL
• Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• HIV-2 infection or co-infection
• Prior antiretroviral treatment
• Intolerance, or contraindication to investigational drugs
• Pregnant or breast-feeding woman, or plan to become pregnant
• Active untreated opportunistic infections (AIDS-defining illness, category C, CDC, 1993), or malignancies requiring cytotoxic chemotherapy
• Biological criteria: hemoglobin < 10 G/DL, neutrophil count < 1000/µL, platelets < 50000/µL, creatinine > 2N, ASAT or ALAT > 2.5N, bilirubin > 2N, hypophosphatemia
• Prevision of poor adherence
• HBC co-infection (Ag Hbs positive) or HVC co-infection (positive HCV PCR)
• Liver failure, alcohol abuse
• Treatment administration not recommended with investigational drugs
• Interferon, interleukin, or HIV vaccine treatment
• Informed consent not obtained