Moving 2 Mindful (M2M) study protocol: testing a mindfulness group plus ecological momentary intervention to decrease stress and anxiety in adolescents from high-conflict homes with a mixed-method longitudinal design

Rachel Lucas-Thompson, Natasha Seiter, Patricia C Broderick, James Douglas Coatsworth, Kimberly L Henry, Charlotte J McKernan, Joshua M Smyth, Rachel Lucas-Thompson, Natasha Seiter, Patricia C Broderick, James Douglas Coatsworth, Kimberly L Henry, Charlotte J McKernan, Joshua M Smyth

Abstract

Introduction: Interparental conflict exposure places adolescents at risk for problems with stress and anxiety; existing prevention/intervention strategies focus on reducing interparental conflict. Mindfulness-based programmes may be a promising treatment strategy for this population, but studies have not yet tested whether they are effective in this high-conflict context. In addition, evidence suggests that extensions to traditional treatments, such as delivering components in daily life that are tailored to moments of need, can increase treatment efficacy, particularly when combined with in-person treatments and particularly for adolescents. However, there are no such extensions to mindfulness interventions available. The Moving 2 Mindful study aims to (1) develop an ecological momentary intervention (EMI) supplement to Learning to BREATHE (L2B), an evidence-based mindfulness intervention for adolescents; (2) refine the EMI programme and determine the best delivery plan; (3) examine the feasibility and acceptability of L2B Plus (L2B plus the developed supplement) and (4) examine the potential for L2B Plus to reduce stress and anxiety for adolescents from high-conflict homes.

Methods and analysis: The Moving 2 Mindful study proposes a mixed-methods approach to developing and refining a multimethod adaptive supplement to L2B. Feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness will be tested in a sample of 38 families, who will be randomly assigned to receive L2B Plus or an active health and wellness control condition and followed until 3 months postintervention. A range of psychosocial and physiological factors will be assessed at multiple time points. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (ID NCT03869749; pre-results).

Ethics and dissemination: The Institutional Review Board at Colorado State University has approved this study. Findings will be disseminated in scientific journals and conferences, whether they are positive, negative or inconclusive.

Keywords: ecological momentary intervention; interparental conflict; mindfulness; stress.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Conceptual model guiding this study. Past work provides evidence for paths ‘a’ and ‘b’. After developing and refining Learning to Breathe Plus (Aims #1 and #2) and evaluating its feasibility and acceptability (Aim #3), we will test hypothesised path ‘c’ and explore whether there is experimental support for paths ‘d’ and ‘e’ (Aim #4).

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