An Effective Meta-analysis of Magnetic Stimulation Therapy for Urinary Incontinence

Qing He, Kaiwen Xiao, Liao Peng, Junyu Lai, Hong Li, Deyi Luo, Kunjie Wang, Qing He, Kaiwen Xiao, Liao Peng, Junyu Lai, Hong Li, Deyi Luo, Kunjie Wang

Abstract

Magnetic stimulation (MS) is a novel approach for treating urinary incontinence (UI), but its applicability remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of MS treatment on UI. A literature search was performed in EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane Library (from May 2018 to August 2018), and all randomized control trials (RCTs) published in English were screened to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria. A manual search of the reference lists of the retrieved studies was also performed. Eleven studies involving 612 patients were included in this review. According to the results of the meta-analysis, MS therapy relieved UI symptoms evaluated using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score (mean difference [MD] -3.03, 95% CI -3.27 to -2.79). In addition, the frequency of UI in the MS treatment group was also alleviated compared with sham group (MD -1.42, 95% CI -2.15 to -0.69). Finally, MS treatment improved the quality of life of patients with UI (standardized mean difference [SMD] -1.00, 95% CI -1.24 to -0.76). Our meta-analysis preliminarily indicates that MS treatment is an effective therapeutic modality for patients with UI. Nevertheless, additional large, high quality RCTs with a longer follow-up period that use consistent stimulation methods and analyse comparable outcomes are required to validate the efficacy.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the systematic review and meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Risk of bias summary: review authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study. (b) Risk of bias graph: review authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages for all included studies.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plots comparing the changes in (a) the ICIQ-UI SF score and (b) UI frequency between the active and sham groups.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plots comparing (a) the objective cure rate, (b) subjective cure rate, and (c) the incontinence improvement outcome between the active and sham groups.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plots comparing the changes in (a) the stress pad test, (b) mean urine volume per void, and (c) micturition number between the active and sham groups.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Forest plot comparing the change in the QoL score between the active and sham groups.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Results of the influence analysis.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Forest plot comparing the change in the QoL score after omitting studies.

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