Recruitment and baseline characteristics of the Community of Voices choir study to promote the health and well-being of diverse older adults

Julene K Johnson, Steven E Gregorich, Michael Acree, Anna M Nápoles, Jason D Flatt, Dana Pounds, Alexandria Pabst, Anita L Stewart, Julene K Johnson, Steven E Gregorich, Michael Acree, Anna M Nápoles, Jason D Flatt, Dana Pounds, Alexandria Pabst, Anita L Stewart

Abstract

Objective: To describe the recruitment and baseline results of the Community of Voices study that aims to examine the effect of a community choir intervention on the health and well-being of older adults from diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds.

Method: Using community-based participatory research methods, we recruited adults age 60 and over from 12 Administration on Aging-supported senior centers in San Francisco into a 2-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial of the community choir intervention. Multiple outreach methods were used. We tracked outreach, screening, and recruitment metrics and collected demographics and baseline outcomes via community-based, interviewer-administered surveys and performance measures of cognition, physical function, and psychosocial variables.

Results: The study contacted 819 individuals, screened 636, and enrolled 390 diverse older adults over a 42-month, phased recruitment period. The mean age was 71.2 (SD = 7.3), and the majority were women. Two-thirds of the sample are non-white, and 20% of participants reported having financial hardship.

Discussion: Outreach and recruitment methods used in the Community of Voices trial facilitated enrollment of a large proportion of minority and lower-SES older adults in the final sample. Similar recruitment approaches could serve as a model for recruiting diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic older adults into research.

Keywords: Community-based participatory research; Health disparities; Music; Older adults; Psychometrics; Recruitment.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
CONSORT Diagram for the Recruitment and Baseline Assessments in the Community of Voices study.

References

    1. U.S. Census Bureau . U.S. Census Bureau; Washington, D.C.: 2016. Profile America Facts for Features.
    1. Vincent G.K., Velkoff V.A. U.S. Census Bureau; Washington, D.C.: 2010. The Next Four Decades. The Older Population in the United States: 2010 to 2050.
    1. Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistics . Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistic; Washington, DC: 2016. Older Americans 2016: Key Indicators of Well-being.
    1. Dunlop D.D., Song J., Manheim L.M., Daviglus M.L., Chang R.W. Racial/ethnic differences in the development of disability among older adults. Am. J. Public Health. 2007 Dec;97(12):2209–2215. PubMed PMID: 17971548.
    1. Louie G.H., Ward M.M. Socioeconomic and ethnic differences in disease burden and disparities in physical function in older adults. Am. J. Public Health. 2011 Jul;101(7):1322–1329. PubMed PMID: 21164082.
    1. Administration on Aging. A Profile of Older Americans: 2015. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Washington, D.C.: 2015.
    1. Noice T., Noice H., Kramer A.F. Participatory arts for older adults: a review of benefits and challenges. Gerontologist. 2014 Oct;54(5):741–753. PubMed PMID: 24336875. Pubmed Central PMCID: 4229893.
    1. Fraser K.D., O'Rourke H.M., Wiens H., Lai J., Howell C., Brett-MacLean P. A scoping review of research on the arts, aging, and quality of life. Gerontologist. 2015 Aug;55(4):719–729. PubMed PMID: 26179707.
    1. Varma V.R., Tan E.J., Gross A.L., Harris G., Romani W., Fried L.P. Effect of community volunteering on physical activity: a randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2016 Jan;50(1):106–110. PubMed PMID: 26340864. Pubmed Central PMCID: 4691553.
    1. Barnes D.E., Santos-Modesitt W., Poelke G., Kramer A.F., Castro C., Middleton L.E. The Mental Activity and eXercise (MAX) trial: a randomized controlled trial to enhance cognitive function in older adults. JAMA Intern. Med. 2013 May 13;173(9):797–804. PubMed PMID: 23545598.
    1. Karp A., Paillard-Borg S., Wang H.X., Silverstein M., Winblad B., Fratiglioni L. Mental, physical and social components in leisure activities equally contribute to decrease dementia risk. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 2006;21(2):65–73. PubMed PMID: 16319455.
    1. Fried L.P., Carlson M.C., McGill S., Seeman T., Xue Q.L., Frick K. Experience Corps: a dual trial to promote the health of older adults and children's academic success. Contemp. Clin. trials. 2013 Sep;36(1):1–13. PubMed PMID: 23680986. Pubmed Central PMCID: 4112377.
    1. Mody L., Miller D.K., McGloin J.M., Freeman M., Marcantonio E.R., Magaziner J. Recruitment and retention of older adults in aging research. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2008 Dec;56(12):2340–2348. PubMed PMID: 19093934. Pubmed Central PMCID: 2695395.
    1. Michener L., Cook J., Ahmed S.M., Yonas M.A., Coyne-Beasley T., Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Aligning the goals of community-engaged research: why and how academic health centers can successfully engage with communities to improve health. Acad. Med. 2012 Mar;87(3):285–291. PubMed PMID: 22373619. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3292771.
    1. Levkoff S., Sanchez H. Lessons learned about minority recruitment and retention from the centers on minority aging and health promotion. Gerontologist. 2003 Feb;43(1):18–26. PubMed PMID: 12604742.
    1. Napoles A.M., Chadiha L.A. Advancing the science of recruitment and retention of ethnically diverse populations. Gerontologist. 2011 Jun;51(Suppl 1):S142–S146. PubMed PMID: 21565815. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3092974. Epub 2011/05/20. eng.
    1. De las Nueces D., Hacker K., DiGirolamo A., Hicks L.S. A systematic review of community-based participatory research to enhance clinical trials in racial and ethnic minority groups. Health Serv. Res. 2012 Jun;47(3 Pt 2):1363–1386. PubMed PMID: 22353031. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3418827.
    1. Johnson J.K., Napoles A.M., Stewart A.L., Max W.B., Santoyo-Olsson J., Freyre R. Study protocol for a cluster randomized trial of the Community of Voices choir intervention to promote the health and well-being of diverse older adults. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:1049. PubMed PMID: 26463176. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC4603966.
    1. Santoyo-Olsson J., Phan L., Stewart A.L., Kaplan C., Moreno-John G., Napoles A.M. A randomized trial to assess the effect of a research informational pamphlet on telephone survey completion rates among older Latinos. Contemp. Clin. Trials. 2012 Jul;33(4):624–627. PubMed PMID: 22449837. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC3361585.
    1. Borson S., Scanlan J., Brush M., Vitaliano P., Dokmak A. The mini-cog: a cognitive 'vital signs' measure for dementia screening in multi-lingual elderly. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 2000 Nov;15(11):1021–1027. PubMed PMID: 11113982.
    1. Buysse D.J., Reynolds C.F., 3rd, Monk T.H., Berman S.R., Kupfer D.J. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193–213. PubMed PMID: 2748771.
    1. Blazer D.G., Hybels C.F. Shortness of breath as a predictor of depressive symptoms in a community sample of older adults. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 2010 Oct;25(10):1080–1084. PubMed PMID: 20872930.
    1. Rosen C.A., Lee A.S., Osborne J., Zullo T., Murry T. Development and validation of the voice handicap index-10. Laryngoscope. 2004 Sep;114(9):1549–1556. PubMed PMID: 15475780.
    1. Strauss E., Sherman E.M.S., Spreen O. third ed. New York Oxford University Press; 2006. A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary.
    1. Reitan R.M. Validity of the Trailmaking Test as an indication of organic brain damage. Percept. Mot. Ski. 1958;8:271–276.
    1. Tombaugh T.N. Trail Making Test A and B: normative data stratified by age and education. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. 2004 Mar;19(2):203–214. PubMed PMID: 15010086.
    1. Sanchez-Cubillo I., Perianez J.A., Adrover-Roig D., Rodriguez-Sanchez J.M., Rios-Lago M., Tirapu J. Construct validity of the Trail Making Test: role of task-switching, working memory, inhibition/interference control, and visuomotor abilities. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 2009 May;15(3):438–450. PubMed PMID: 19402930.
    1. Kramer J.H., Jurik J., Sha S.J., Rankin K.P., Rosen H.J., Johnson J.K. Distinctive neuropsychological patterns in frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and Alzheimer disease. Cogn. Behav. Neurol. 2003 Dec;16(4):211–218. PubMed PMID: 14665820.
    1. Guralnik J.M., Simonsick E.M., Ferrucci L., Glynn R.J., Berkman L.F., Blazer D.G. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J. Gerontol. 1994 Mar;49(2):M85–M94. PubMed PMID: 8126356.
    1. Kroenke K., Strine T.W., Spitzer R.L., Williams J.B.W., Berry J.T., Mokdad A.H. The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population. J. Affect. Disord. 2009 Apr;114(1–3):163–173. PubMed PMID: WOS:000264223900018. English.
    1. Gershon R.C., Wagster M.V., Hendrie H.C., Fox N.A., Cook K.F., Nowinski C.J. NIH toolbox for assessment of neurological and behavioral function. Neurology. 2013 Mar 12;80(11 Suppl 3):S2–S6. PubMed PMID: 23479538. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3662335.
    1. Zelazo P.D., Anderson J.E., Richler J., Wallner-Allen K., Beaumont J.L., Conway K.P. NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB): validation of executive function measures in adults. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 2014 Jul;20(6):620–629. PubMed PMID: 24960301. Pubmed Central PMCID: 4601803.
    1. Rine R.M., Schubert M.C., Whitney S.L., Roberts D., Redfern M.S., Musolino M.C. Vestibular function assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology. 2013 Mar 12;80(11 Suppl 3):S25–S31. PubMed PMID: 23479540. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3662339.
    1. Kallen M., Slotkin J., Griffith J., Magasi S., Salsman J., Nowinski C. 2012. NIH Toolbox Technical Manual. Motor Domain, Locomotion Subdomain, NIH Toolbox 4-Meter Walk Gait Speed Test.
    1. Sherbourne C.D., Stewart A.L. The MOS social support survey. Soc. Sci. Med. 1991;32(6):705–714. PubMed PMID: 2035047. Epub 1991/01/01. eng.
    1. Slotkin J., Kallen M., Griffith J., Magasi S., Salsman J., Nowinski C. National Institutes of Health and Northwestern University; 2012. NIH Toolbox Technical Manual.
    1. United States Census Bureau . 2016. U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau. [cited 2017 July 1, 2017] Available from:
    1. Heller C., Balls-Berry J.E., Nery J.D., Erwin P.J., Littleton D., Kim M. Strategies addressing barriers to clinical trial enrollment of underrepresented populations: a systematic review. Contemp. Clin. trials. 2014 Nov;39(2):169–182. PubMed PMID: 25131812.
    1. Herrera A.P., Snipes S.A., King D.W., Torres-Vigil I., Goldberg D.S., Weinberg A.D. Disparate inclusion of older adults in clinical trials: priorities and opportunities for policy and practice change. Am. J. Public Health. 2010 Apr 1;100(Suppl 1):S105–S112. PubMed PMID: 20147682. Pubmed Central PMCID: 2837461.
    1. Cohen G.D., Perlstein S., Chapline J., Kelly J., Firth K.M., Simmens S. The impact of professionally conducted cultural programs on the physical health, mental health, and social functioning of older adults. Gerontologist. 2006 Dec;46(6):726–734. PubMed PMID: 17169928.
    1. Coulton S., Clift S., Skingley A., Rodriguez J. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: randomised controlled trial. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 18 PubMed PMID: 26089304.
    1. Reuben D.B., Magasi S., McCreath H.E., Bohannon R.W., Wang Y.C., Bubela D.J., Rymer W.Z., Beaumont J., Rine R.M., Lai J.S., Gershon R.C. Motor assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology. 2013 Mar 12;80(11 Suppl 3):S65–S75.
    1. Salsman J.M., Butt Z., Pilkonis P.A., Cyranowski J.M., Zill N., Hendrie H.C., Kupst M.J., Kelly M.A., Bode R.K., Choi S.W., Lai J.S., Griffith J.W., Stoney C.M., Brouwers P., Knox S.S., Cella D. Emotion assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology. 2013 Mar 12;80(11 Suppl 3):S76–S86.

Source: PubMed

Sponsorer och medarbetare

Medicinska tillstånd

Läkemedelsinterventioner

3
Prenumerera