MRI and CT contrast media extravasation: A systematic review

Ashkan Heshmatzadeh Behzadi, Zerwa Farooq, Jeffery H Newhouse, Martin R Prince, Ashkan Heshmatzadeh Behzadi, Zerwa Farooq, Jeffery H Newhouse, Martin R Prince

Abstract

Background: This systematic review combines data from multiple papers on contrast media extravasation to identify factors contributing to increased extravasation risk.

Methods: Data were extracted from 17 papers reporting 2191 extravasations in 1,104,872 patients (0.2%) undergoing computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results: Extravasation rates were 0.045% for gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) and nearly 6-fold higher, 0.26% for iodinated contrast agents. Factors associated with increased contrast media extravasations included: older age, female gender, using an existing intravenous (IV) instead of placing a new IV in radiology, in-patient status, use of automated power injection, high injection rates, catheter location, and failing to warm up the more viscous contrast media to body temperature.

Conclusion: Contrast media extravasation is infrequent but nearly 6 times less frequent with GBCA for MRI compared with iodinated contrast used in CT.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart shows papers selection criteria based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guideline.

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