Population prevalence of edentulism and its association with depression and self-rated health

Stefanos Tyrovolas, Ai Koyanagi, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Josep Maria Haro, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Vanessa Chrepa, Georgios A Kotsakis, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Ai Koyanagi, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Josep Maria Haro, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Vanessa Chrepa, Georgios A Kotsakis

Abstract

Edentulism is associated with various adverse health outcomes but treatment options in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited. Data on its prevalence and its effect on mental health and overall-health is lacking, especially from LMICs. Self-reported data on complete edentulism obtained by standardized questionnaires on 201,953 adults aged ≥18 years from 50 countries which participated in the World Health Survey (WHS) 2002-2004 were analyzed. Age and sex-standarized edentulism prevalence ranged from 0.1% (95% CI = 0.0-0.3) (Myanmar) to 14.5% (95% CI = 13.1-15.9) (Zimbabwe), and 2.1% (95% CI = 1.5-3.0) (Ghana) to 32.3% (95% CI = 29.0-35.8) (Brazil) in the younger and older age groups respectively. Edentulism was significantly associated with depression (OR 1.57, 95% CI = 1.23-2.00) and poor self-rated health (OR 1.38, 95% CI = 1.03-1.83) in the younger group with no significant associations in the older age group. Our findings highlight the edentulism-related health loss in younger persons from LMICs. The relative burden of edentulism is likely to grow as populations age and live longer. Given its life-long nature and common risk factors with other NCDs, edentulism surveillance and prevention should be an integral part of the global agenda of NCD control.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Figures

Figure 1. Age-sex adjusted prevalence of edentulism.
Figure 1. Age-sex adjusted prevalence of edentulism.
All age-sex adjusted weighed estimates were calculated using the United Nations population pyramids for the year 2010. Data from 50 countries are presented. The figure was created with STATA 13.1 (StataCorp. 2013. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP).

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