Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: An Update and Review

Gautam Rawal, Sankalp Yadav, Raj Kumar, Gautam Rawal, Sankalp Yadav, Raj Kumar

Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life threatening condition characterized by severe hypoxemia due to pulmonary gas exchange failure and was first recognized in 1960s.Since its first description, it has undergone intensive research in the past few decades to understand its pathogenesis and therapies. Despite this, the recommended therapies to decrease mortality in ARDS remain limited and include low-tidal volume mechanical ventilation, prone ventilation and recently, the ECMO rescue therapy in extreme cases. This review article will summarize the key features of ARDS with a brief overview of the therapeutic options in the management of ARDS.

Keywords: ECMO; acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); the Berlin definition.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest Conflicts of interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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