Maternal night-eating pattern and glucose tolerance during pregnancy: study protocol for a longitudinal study

See Ling Loy, Yin Bun Cheung, Mary Chong, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider, Ngee Lek, Y S Lee, Kok Hian Tan, Bernard Chern, Fabian Yap, Jerry Chan, See Ling Loy, Yin Bun Cheung, Mary Chong, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider, Ngee Lek, Y S Lee, Kok Hian Tan, Bernard Chern, Fabian Yap, Jerry Chan

Abstract

Introduction: Coordinating eating schedules with day-night cycles has been shown to improve glucose regulation in adults, but its association with gestational glycaemia is less clear. A better understanding on how eating time can influence glucose levels in pregnancy may improve strategies for gestational glycaemic control. This study aims to examine the association of maternal night-eating pattern with glucose tolerance in the second trimester of pregnancy, and to investigate how lifestyle factors may be related to night-eating pattern.

Methods and analysis: This is an observational longitudinal study that targets to recruit 200 pregnant women at 18-24 weeks' gestation from the KK Women's and Children's Hospital in Singapore. Data collection includes sociodemographics, lifestyle habits and obstetric information. Maternal dietary intake is collected using the 4-day food diary and food frequency questionnaire; while 24-hour physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep and light exposure are captured using the accelerometer at 18-24 weeks' gestation. Continuous glucose monitoring at 18-24 weeks' gestation, oral glucose tolerance test and insulin test at 24-28 weeks' gestation are performed to assess glycaemic outcomes. Multivariable generalised linear models will be used to analyse the association of maternal night-eating pattern (consumption of meal and snack during 1900-0659 hours) with glycaemic measures, and the associated factors of night-eating pattern, controlling for potential confounders. Recruitment began in March 2019 and is estimated to end in November 2020.

Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been granted by the Centralised Institutional Review Board of SingHealth, Singapore (reference 2018/2529). The results will be presented at conferences and disseminated in journal articles.

Trial registration number: NCT03803345.

Keywords: diabetes in pregnancy; epidemiology; nutrition & dietetics; preventive medicine; public health.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study design. OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.

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