Cognitive stimulation program in mild cognitive impairment A randomized controlled trial

Isabel Gomez-Soria, Patricia Peralta-Marrupe, Fernando Plo, Isabel Gomez-Soria, Patricia Peralta-Marrupe, Fernando Plo

Abstract

Non-pharmacological cognitive interventions in mild cognitive impairment have demonstrated promising results in preventing or delaying cognitive impairment and functional disability. Cognitive stimulation seems to improve and maintain cognitive and social activity.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a cognitive stimulation program in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at the cognitive level on activities of daily living (ADLs), and levels of anxiety and depression.

Methods: A randomized controlled single-blind trial involving 122 non-institutionalized elderly with a MEC-35 score of 24-27 was conducted. The intervention group (n=54) received the intervention (10-week cognitive stimulation program) and was compared with a control group (n=68) that received no intervention. Follow-up assessments were conducted post-test and at 6 months post-test. The primary outcome was cognitive function determined by changes in scores on the Spanish version (MEC-35) of the Mini-Mental State Examination, while the secondary outcomes were measured by the Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, Goldberg Questionnaire (anxiety sub-scale) and the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale (15-item version).

Results: The intervention group showed a significant improvement in cognitive function at both timepoints, post-test and 6-month follow-up. The Barthel Index was higher in the intervention group, but only on the post-test analysis. The intervention did not improve the performance of instrumental ADLs or depression or anxiety levels.

Conclusion: The findings showed cognitive improvements in an elderly population with MCI in the short and medium-term and improved basic ADLs in the short term. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03831061.

Keywords: aging; cognitive dysfunction; occupational therapy; randomized controlled trial.

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1. Flow chart of participation and…
Figure 1. Flow chart of participation and study design.
Figure 2. Development objectives following the red…
Figure 2. Development objectives following the red mental activation notebook guidelines.
Figure 3. Cognitive stimulation exercises used based…
Figure 3. Cognitive stimulation exercises used based on red mental activation notebook guidelines.

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