Colorimetric evaluation of white spot lesions following external bleaching with fluoridation: An in-vitro study

Yoon-Young Choi, Dong-Yul Lee, Yae-Jin Kim, Yoon-Young Choi, Dong-Yul Lee, Yae-Jin Kim

Abstract

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effects of external tooth bleaching with flouridation on the appearance of white spot lesions (WSLs) in vitro.

Methods: In total, 125 bracket-bonded bovine incisor enamel blocks with artificial WSLs were randomly divided into a control group and four treatment groups (home bleaching, home bleaching + fluoridation, in-office bleaching, and in-office bleaching + fluoridation). A spectroradiometer (SR) and digital images (DIs) were used to evaluate colorimetric parameters (Commission Internationale l'Eclairage L*a*b*) for all specimens. Color measurements were obtained before WSL formation (T1), after WSL formation (T2), and after completion of the external tooth bleaching treatment (T3).

Results: The SR-based color change after bleaching was significantly greater in the treatment groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). SR-based lightness (L*) and red-green (a*) values were significantly higher at T2 than at T1 (p < 0.001), with no significant changes in yellow-blue (b*) values. At T3, SR-based L* values had increased while a* and b* values had decreased in the treatment groups (p < 0.001). The DI-based color difference between the sound enamel and WSL areas (ΔE*DI) increased significantly from T1 to T2 in all groups (p < 0.001) and significantly decreased from T2 to T3 in the treatment groups (p < 0.001). No significant differences in ΔE*DI at T3 were shown between the four treatment groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested that external tooth bleaching with fluoridation can alleviate the conspicuity of WSLs.

Keywords: External tooth bleaching; Fluoride; White spot lesions.

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Figure 1. Bovine enamel blocks with bonded…
Figure 1. Bovine enamel blocks with bonded orthodontic brackets (red dot indicates the distogingival aspect) prepared for colorimetric evaluation of white spot lesions following external bleaching with or without fluoridation. The blue area describes the area covered with nail varnish. The brackets and nail varnish were absent at the time of spectroradiometer analysis and digital image acquisition. A, The green circle represents the area of measurement by the spectroradiometer. B, The green circles (P1, sound enamel area; P2, white spot lesion area) describe the areas of measurements by Photoshop after the acquisition of digital images.

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