Fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive function in the SU.VI.MAX 2 prospective study
Sandrine Péneau, Pilar Galan, Claude Jeandel, Monique Ferry, Valentina Andreeva, Serge Hercberg, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, SU.VI.MAX 2 Research Group, Luc Vogt, Michèle Escande, Jean-Marie Sérot, Emmanuel Vasseur, Matthieu Debray, Chantal Hussonnois, Martine Iehl-Robert, Myriam le Sommer, Thierry Boge, Josiane Rajaonarivo, Jean Jouseau, Monique Frison, Armelle Gentric, Fabienne Leenaert, Bernard Bascou, Jean-Paul Lemaire, Nathalie Baptiste, Marie-France Maugourd, Anne Gibelain, Roland Lopitaux, Jacques Hild, Henri Nachar, Géraldine Soulié, Francine Clémenti, Patrick Friocourt, Alain Sagnier, Philippe Schiano, Andréa Collet, Dominique Richard, Françoise Zandi, Pascal Couturier, Agathe Raynaud-Simon, Pierre Lermite, Michel Alix, Emmanuel Alix, François Puisieux, Cédric Gaxatte, Thierry Dantoine, Pierre livet, Gilles Albrand, Pierre Haond, Pascal Ménecier, François Pinoche, Sylvie Bonin Guillaume, Marc Heim, André Wang, Claude Jeandel, Yves Passadori, Athanase Benetos, Catherine Couturier, Gilles Berrut, Sylvie Sacher-Huvelin, Henri Patouraux, Patrice Brocker, Olivier Guérin, Denise Strubel, Florence Dupriez, Jean-Bernard Gauvain, Yves Wolmark, Olivier Hanon, Bernard Cassou, Philippe Déjardin, François de la Fournière, Frédéric Woné, Claudine Buj-Hardy, Marc Paccalin, Bertrand Placines, Jean-Luc Novella, Pierre Jouanny, Florence Martin, Philippe Chassagne, Isabelle Landrin, Chantal Girtanner, Régis Gonthier, Claudie Troadec, Christophe Dourthe, Eric Bonnin, Jean-Paul Marot, Sylvie Rossignol, Georges Sebbane, Pierre-Yves Cornu, Jean-Jacques Monsuez, Isabelle Périllat, Robert Ratiney, Georges Kaltenbach, Yves Rolland, Thierry Constans, Gisèle Coz, Monique Ferry, Jean Pierre Aquino, Odile Cézard, Sandrine Péneau, Pilar Galan, Claude Jeandel, Monique Ferry, Valentina Andreeva, Serge Hercberg, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, SU.VI.MAX 2 Research Group, Luc Vogt, Michèle Escande, Jean-Marie Sérot, Emmanuel Vasseur, Matthieu Debray, Chantal Hussonnois, Martine Iehl-Robert, Myriam le Sommer, Thierry Boge, Josiane Rajaonarivo, Jean Jouseau, Monique Frison, Armelle Gentric, Fabienne Leenaert, Bernard Bascou, Jean-Paul Lemaire, Nathalie Baptiste, Marie-France Maugourd, Anne Gibelain, Roland Lopitaux, Jacques Hild, Henri Nachar, Géraldine Soulié, Francine Clémenti, Patrick Friocourt, Alain Sagnier, Philippe Schiano, Andréa Collet, Dominique Richard, Françoise Zandi, Pascal Couturier, Agathe Raynaud-Simon, Pierre Lermite, Michel Alix, Emmanuel Alix, François Puisieux, Cédric Gaxatte, Thierry Dantoine, Pierre livet, Gilles Albrand, Pierre Haond, Pascal Ménecier, François Pinoche, Sylvie Bonin Guillaume, Marc Heim, André Wang, Claude Jeandel, Yves Passadori, Athanase Benetos, Catherine Couturier, Gilles Berrut, Sylvie Sacher-Huvelin, Henri Patouraux, Patrice Brocker, Olivier Guérin, Denise Strubel, Florence Dupriez, Jean-Bernard Gauvain, Yves Wolmark, Olivier Hanon, Bernard Cassou, Philippe Déjardin, François de la Fournière, Frédéric Woné, Claudine Buj-Hardy, Marc Paccalin, Bertrand Placines, Jean-Luc Novella, Pierre Jouanny, Florence Martin, Philippe Chassagne, Isabelle Landrin, Chantal Girtanner, Régis Gonthier, Claudie Troadec, Christophe Dourthe, Eric Bonnin, Jean-Paul Marot, Sylvie Rossignol, Georges Sebbane, Pierre-Yves Cornu, Jean-Jacques Monsuez, Isabelle Périllat, Robert Ratiney, Georges Kaltenbach, Yves Rolland, Thierry Constans, Gisèle Coz, Monique Ferry, Jean Pierre Aquino, Odile Cézard
Abstract
Background: Current hypotheses suggest that intake of fruit and vegetables (FVs) protects against age-related cognitive impairment.
Objective: We examined the 13-y association between FV intake and cognitive performance in a sample of French adults.
Design: A total of 2533 subjects aged 45-60 y at baseline, who were part of the Supplementation with Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals 2 (SU.VI.MAX 2) cohort, were selected. FV intake was estimated at baseline in participants who had completed at least six 24-h dietary records. Cognitive performance was assessed 13 y after baseline and included an evaluation of verbal memory (RI-48 cued recall, semantic, and phonemic fluency tests) and executive function (trail-making and forward and backward digit span tests). Principal components analysis was performed to account for correlations in test scores. The relation between cognitive performance and quartiles of FV intake was assessed by multivariate linear regression analyses.
Results: Intakes of FVs (P-trend = 0.02), fruit alone (P-trend = 0.04), vitamin C-rich FVs (P-trend = 0.03), vitamin C (P-trend = 0.005), and vitamin E (P-trend = 0.04) were positively associated with verbal memory scores. In contrast, intakes of FVs (P-trend = 0.006), vegetables alone (P-trend = 0.03), and β-carotene-rich FVs (P-trend = 0.02) were negatively associated with executive functioning scores.
Conclusions: FVs might have a differential effect on cognition according to groups of FVs and type of cognitive function. Further research using sensitive and reliable measures of various types of cognitive function is needed to clarify the effect of individual FV groups and nutrients. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.
Source: PubMed