More Favorable Metabolic Impact of Three-Times-Weekly versus Daily Growth Hormone Treatment in Naïve GH-Deficient Children

Alessandro Ciresi, Floriana Cicciò, Stefano Radellini, Valentina Guarnotta, Anna Maria Calcaterra, Carla Giordano, Alessandro Ciresi, Floriana Cicciò, Stefano Radellini, Valentina Guarnotta, Anna Maria Calcaterra, Carla Giordano

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate whether two different regimens of weekly injections could lead to similar auxological and metabolic effects in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

Design: 32 GHD children (25 males, mean age 10.5 ± 2.2 yr) were randomly assigned to receive daily (group A, 16 patients) or TIW (group B, 16 patients) GHT for 12 months.

Methods: Auxological parameters, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), glucose and insulin during OGTT, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, the oral disposition index (DIo), the homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (Homa-IR), and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI).

Results: After 12 months, both groups showed a significant and comparable improvement in height (p < 0.001) and IGF-I (p < 0.001). As regards the metabolic parameters, in both groups, we found a significant increase in fasting insulin (p < 0.001 and p = 0.026) and Homa-IR (p < 0.001 and p = 0.019). A significant increase in fasting glucose (p = 0.001) and a decrease in ISI (p < 0.001) and DIo (p = 0.002) were only found in group A.

Conclusions: The TIW regimen is effective and comparable with the daily regimen in improving auxological parameters and has a more favorable metabolic impact in GHD children. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03033121.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Fasting glucose, ISI-Matsuda, and oral disposition index (DIo) of patients grouped according to the GH treatment regimen (7 or 3 doses per week) at baseline and after 12 months of treatment.

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