Accuracy of three-dimensional printing for manufacturing replica teeth

Keun-Young Lee, Jin-Woo Cho, Na-Young Chang, Jong-Moon Chae, Kyung-Hwa Kang, Sang-Cheol Kim, Jin-Hyoung Cho, Keun-Young Lee, Jin-Woo Cho, Na-Young Chang, Jong-Moon Chae, Kyung-Hwa Kang, Sang-Cheol Kim, Jin-Hyoung Cho

Abstract

Objective: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a recent technological development that may play a significant role in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. It can be used to fabricate skull models or study models, as well as to make replica teeth in autotransplantation or tooth impaction cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of fabrication of replica teeth made by two types of 3D printing technologies.

Methods: Fifty extracted molar teeth were selected as samples. They were scanned to generate high-resolution 3D surface model stereolithography files. These files were converted into physical models using two types of 3D printing technologies: Fused deposition modeling (FDM) and PolyJet technology. All replica teeth were scanned and 3D images generated. Computer software compared the replica teeth to the original teeth with linear measurements, volumetric measurements, and mean deviation measurements with best-fit alignment. Paired t-tests were used to statistically analyze the measurements.

Results: Most measurements of teeth formed using FDM tended to be slightly smaller, while those of the PolyJet replicas tended to be slightly larger, than those of the extracted teeth. Mean deviation measurements with best-fit alignment of FDM and PolyJet group were 0.047 mm and 0.038 mm, respectively. Although there were statistically significant differences, they were regarded as clinically insignificant.

Conclusions: This study confirms that FDM and PolyJet technologies are accurate enough to be usable in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: Orthodontics; Three-dimensional printing; Tooth.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no commercial, proprietary, or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article.

Figures

Figure 1. Fused deposition modeling technology.
Figure 1. Fused deposition modeling technology.
Figure 2. PolyJet technology. UV, Ultra violet.
Figure 2. PolyJet technology. UV, Ultra violet.
Figure 3. Measurement of crown width and…
Figure 3. Measurement of crown width and tooth height (mm). Measured, The length of printed tooth; nominated, the length of original tooth.
Figure 4. Color maps of best-fit alignment…
Figure 4. Color maps of best-fit alignment showing deviations up to 0.2 mm.
Figure 5. No. 1 original tooth (left)…
Figure 5. No. 1 original tooth (left) and replica teeth made with fused deposition modeling (middle) and PolyJet (right) three-dimensional printing technologies.

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