Effects of a Community-Based Diabetes Prevention Program for Latino Youth with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Erica G Soltero, Micah L Olson, Allison N Williams, Yolanda P Konopken, Felipe G Castro, Kimberly J Arcoleo, Colleen S Keller, Donald L Patrick, Stephanie L Ayers, Estela Barraza, Gabriel Q Shaibi, Erica G Soltero, Micah L Olson, Allison N Williams, Yolanda P Konopken, Felipe G Castro, Kimberly J Arcoleo, Colleen S Keller, Donald L Patrick, Stephanie L Ayers, Estela Barraza, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the short- and long-term effects of a community-based lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity.

Methods: Latino adolescents (14-16 years old) were randomized to a 3-month lifestyle intervention (n = 67) or comparison control (n = 69) and followed for 12 months. The intervention included weekly nutrition and health classes delivered to groups of families and exercise sessions (3 days/week) delivered to groups of adolescents. Comparison youth received laboratory results and general health information. Primary outcomes included insulin sensitivity and weight-specific quality of life (QoL) with secondary outcomes of BMI percentile (BMI%), waist circumference, and percent body fat.

Results: At 3 months, youth in the intervention group exhibited significant increases in insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05) and weight-specific QoL (P < 0.001), as well as reductions in BMI%, waist circumference, and percent body fat compared with controls. Increases in weight-specific QoL and reductions in BMI% and percent body fat remained significant at 12 months (P < 0.001), while changes in insulin sensitivity did not. In a subsample of youth with prediabetes at baseline, insulin sensitivity (P = 0.01), weight-specific QoL (P < 0.001), and BMI% (P < 0.001) significantly improved at 3 months.

Conclusions: Lifestyle intervention can improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial health in a vulnerable population of Latino adolescents at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02039141.

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: The authors declared no conflict of interest.

© 2018 The Obesity Society.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Consort diagram of the study. The flow of participants through screening procedures, randomization, and post-intervention testing.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Changes in whole-body insulin sensitivity index over time by randomization group. Data are adjusted means ± standard error at baseline (T1), 12-weeks (T2), 6-months (T3), and 12-months (T4). Deltas (Δ) and p-values reflect between-group differences over 12-weeks (T2-T1) and 12-months (T4-T1).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Changes in weight-specific quality of life over time by randomization group. Data are adjusted means ± standard error at baseline (T1), 12-weeks (T2), 6-months (T3), and 12-months (T4). Deltas (Δ) and p-values reflect between-group differences over 12-weeks (T2-T1) and 12-months (T4-T1).

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Source: PubMed

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