Cardiometabolic health improvements upon dietary intervention are driven by tissue-specific insulin resistance phenotype: A precision nutrition trial
Inez Trouwborst, Anouk Gijbels, Kelly M Jardon, Els Siebelink, Gabby B Hul, Lisa Wanders, Balázs Erdos, Szabolcs Péter, Cécile M Singh-Povel, Johan de Vogel-van den Bosch, Michiel E Adriaens, Ilja C W Arts, Dick H J Thijssen, Edith J M Feskens, Gijs H Goossens, Lydia A Afman, Ellen E Blaak, Inez Trouwborst, Anouk Gijbels, Kelly M Jardon, Els Siebelink, Gabby B Hul, Lisa Wanders, Balázs Erdos, Szabolcs Péter, Cécile M Singh-Povel, Johan de Vogel-van den Bosch, Michiel E Adriaens, Ilja C W Arts, Dick H J Thijssen, Edith J M Feskens, Gijs H Goossens, Lydia A Afman, Ellen E Blaak
Abstract
Precision nutrition based on metabolic phenotype may increase the effectiveness of interventions. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the effect of modulating dietary macronutrient composition according to muscle insulin-resistant (MIR) or liver insulin-resistant (LIR) phenotypes on cardiometabolic health. Women and men with MIR or LIR (n = 242, body mass index [BMI] 25-40 kg/m2, 40-75 years) were randomized to phenotype diet (PhenoDiet) group A or B and followed a 12-week high-monounsaturated fatty acid (HMUFA) diet or low-fat, high-protein, and high-fiber diet (LFHP) (PhenoDiet group A, MIR/HMUFA and LIR/LFHP; PhenoDiet group B, MIR/LFHP and LIR/HMUFA). PhenoDiet group B showed no significant improvements in the primary outcome disposition index, but greater improvements in insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, serum triacylglycerol, and C-reactive protein compared with PhenoDiet group A were observed. We demonstrate that modulating macronutrient composition within the dietary guidelines based on tissue-specific insulin resistance (IR) phenotype enhances cardiometabolic health improvements. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT03708419, CCMO registration NL63768.068.17.
Keywords: cardiometabolic health; dietary intervention trial; glucose homeostasis; metabotyping; precision nutrition; tissue-specific insulin resistance.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of interests S.P. is an employee at DSM Nutritional Products, C.M.S.-P. is an employee at FrieslandCampina, and J.d.V.-v.d.B. is an employee at Danone Nutricia Research.
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source: PubMed