Caffeine for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Richard A Steinbrook, Frances Garfield, Stacey H Batista, Richard D Urman, Richard A Steinbrook, Frances Garfield, Stacey H Batista, Richard D Urman

Abstract

Context: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common after ambulatory surgery performed under general anesthesia. Anecdotal evidence suggests that caffeine may be useful in preventing PONV.

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine efficacy of intravenous (IV) caffeine given prior to surgery is effective prophylaxis against PONV.

Settings and design: We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Subject and methods: Patients at moderate or high risk of PONV were randomized to receive IV caffeine (500 mg) or saline placebo during general anesthesia; all patients received dexamethasone and dolasetron.

Statistical analysis: Statistical comparisons were tested using bivariable linear and logistic regression for each outcome and then adjusted for high/low risk.

Results: Nausea in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) was more common in the caffeine (16 of 62 patients) than the placebo group (seven of 69; P = 0.02). There were no significant differences in the use of rescue antiemetics in the PACU, in the incidence of nausea or vomiting over 24 h postoperatively, nor in other outcomes (headache, fatigue, or overall satisfaction) either in the PACU or at 24 h; time-to-discharge was similar for both groups.

Conclusion: Caffeine was not effective in the prevention of PONV or headache, and did not improve time-to-discharge or patient satisfaction.

Keywords: Antiemetic prophylaxis; caffeine; postoperative nausea; postoperative vomiting.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

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Source: PubMed

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