Accuracy of 3-Dimensionally Printed Full-Arch Dental Models: A Systematic Review

Yasaman Etemad-Shahidi, Omel Baneen Qallandar, Jessica Evenden, Frank Alifui-Segbaya, Khaled Elsayed Ahmed, Yasaman Etemad-Shahidi, Omel Baneen Qallandar, Jessica Evenden, Frank Alifui-Segbaya, Khaled Elsayed Ahmed

Abstract

The use of additive manufacturing in dentistry has exponentially increased with dental model construction being the most common use of the technology. Henceforth, identifying the accuracy of additively manufactured dental models is critical. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature and evaluate the accuracy of full-arch dental models manufactured using different 3D printing technologies. Seven databases were searched, and 2209 articles initially identified of which twenty-eight studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were analysed. A meta-analysis was not possible due to unclear reporting and heterogeneity of studies. Stereolithography (SLA) was the most investigated technology, followed by digital light processing (DLP). Accuracy of 3D printed models varied widely between <100 to >500 μm with the majority of models deemed of clinically acceptable accuracy. The smallest (3.3 μm) and largest (579 μm) mean errors were produced by SLA printers. For DLP, majority of investigated printers (n = 6/8) produced models with <100 μm accuracy. Manufacturing parameters, including layer thickness, base design, postprocessing and storage, significantly influenced the model's accuracy. Majority of studies supported the use of 3D printed dental models. Nonetheless, models deemed clinically acceptable for orthodontic purposes may not necessarily be acceptable for the prosthodontic workflow or applications requiring high accuracy.

Keywords: 3-dimensional printing; accuracy; additive manufacturing; dental models; full-arch; systematic review.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart for the selection of studies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Reported trueness in microns for material jetting (MJ, green), digital light processing (DLP, orange) and stereolithography (SLA, blue) 3D printed full-arch dental models. * Asterisk denotes lowest mean error identified from different studies—other results in microns reported include: Form 2 = 59, 64 and −80; Zenith series = 138; Projet 6000 = 190; Juell 3D = 44, 70; Vida = 56; Objet Eden 260 series = 74, 80 and 85; Projet 3500 HD Max = 129. Data from studies that did not report details of 3D printer used or trueness data were not included in the figure.

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