Effect of toe-spread-out exercise on hallux valgus angle and cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with hallux valgus

Moon-Hwan Kim, Chung-Hwi Yi, Jong-Hyuck Weon, Heon-Seock Cynn, Do-Young Jung, Oh-Yun Kwon, Moon-Hwan Kim, Chung-Hwi Yi, Jong-Hyuck Weon, Heon-Seock Cynn, Do-Young Jung, Oh-Yun Kwon

Abstract

[Purpose] This study investigated whether the toe-spread-out exercise affects the hallux valgus angle, the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle, and the hallux valgus angle during active abduction. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four subjects with hallux valgus were randomly assigned to orthosis and orthosis plus toe-spread-out exercise groups. The orthosis group wore the orthosis for 8 weeks, while the orthosis plus toe-spread-out group also performed the toe-spread-out exercise. The hallux valgus angle, the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle, and the hallux valgus angle during active abduction were measured initially and after 8 weeks by radiography and ultrasonography. [Results] While there were no significant changes in the three parameters in the orthosis group, there were significant differences in the orthosis plus toe-spread-out exercise group after 8 weeks. In addition there were significant differences in the three measures between the two groups. [Conclusion] The toe-spread-out exercise reduces the hallux valgus angle and hallux valgus angle during active abduction, and increases the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle. The toe-spread-out exercise is recommended for patients with mild to moderate hallux valgus.

Keywords: Hallux valgus; Radiography; Toe-spread-out exercise.

References

    1. Sarwark JF: Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, 4th ed. Illinois: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.
    1. Coughlin MJ, Saltzman CL, Nunley JA, 2nd: Angular measurements in the evaluation of hallux valgus deformities: a report of the ad hoc committee of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society on angular measurements. Foot Ankle Int, 2002, 23: 68–74.
    1. Mann RA, Coughlin MJ: Adult hallux valgus. In: Mann RA, Coughlin MJ (eds): Surgery of the foot and ankle, 7th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Yearbook, 1999.
    1. Torkki M, Malmivaara A, Seitsalo S, et al. : Surgery vs orthosis vs watchful waiting for hallux valgus: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2001, 285: 2474–2480.
    1. Wülker N, Mittag F: The treatment of hallux valgus. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 2012, 109: 857–867, quiz 868.
    1. Ferrari J, Higgins JP, Prior TD: Interventions for treating hallux valgus (abductovalgus) and bunions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2004, 1: CD000964.
    1. Tehraninasr A, Saeedi H, Forogh B, et al. : Effects of insole with toe-separator and night splint on patients with painful hallux valgus: a comparative study. Prosthet Orthot Int, 2008, 32: 79–83.
    1. Unver B, Sampiyon O, Karatosun V, et al. : Postoperative immobilisation orthosis for surgically corrected hallux valgus. Prosthet Orthot Int, 2004, 28: 278–280.
    1. Arinci Incel N, Genç H, Erdem HR, et al. : Muscle imbalance in hallux valgus: an electromyographic study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2003, 82: 345–349.
    1. Groiso JA: Juvenile hallux valgus. A conservative approach to treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1992, 74: 1367–1374.
    1. Shimazaki K, Takebe K: Investigations on the origin of hallux valgus by electromyographic analysis. Kobe J Med Sci, 1981, 27: 139–158.
    1. Keller D: Yoga Plus Joyful Living Magazine. November–December 2008, 72–79.
    1. Kim MH, Kwon OY, Kim SH, et al. : Comparison of muscle activities of abductor hallucis and adductor hallucis between the short foot and toe-spread-out exercises in subjects with mild hallux valgus. J Back Musculoskeletal Rehabil, 2013, 26: 163–168.
    1. Heo HJ, An DH: The effect of an inclined ankle on the activation of the abductor hallucis muscle during short foot exercise. J Phys Ther Sci, 2014, 26: 619–620.
    1. Heo HJ, Koo YM, Yoo WG: Comparison of selective activation of the abductor hallucis during various exercises. J Phys Ther Sci, 2011, 23: 915–918.
    1. Lee JE, Park GH, Lee YS, et al. : A comparison of muscle activities in the lower extremity between flat and normal feet during one-leg standing. J Phys Ther Sci, 2013, 25: 1059–1061.
    1. Stewart S, Ellis R, Heath M, et al. : Ultrasonic evaluation of the abductor hallucis muscle in hallux valgus: a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2013, 14: 45.
    1. Kendall FP, McCreary EK, Provance PG, et al. : Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain, 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 2005.
    1. Thomson SA: Hallux varus and metatarsus varus: a five-year study (1954–1958). Clin Orthop, 1960, 16: 109–118.
    1. Brenner E: Insertion of the abductor hallucis muscle in feet with and without hallux valgus. Anat Rec, 1999, 254: 429–434.
    1. Lieber RL: Skeletal muscle structure and function. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992.
    1. Maughan RJ, Watson JS, Weir J: Strength and cross-sectional area of human skeletal muscle. J Physiol, 1983, 338: 37–49.
    1. Macfarlane A, Kilmartin T: Conservative treatment of juvenile hallux valgus —a seven year prospective study. Br J Pod, 2004, 4: 101–105.

Source: PubMed

Sponsorer och medarbetare

Medicinska tillstånd

Läkemedelsinterventioner

3
Prenumerera