Phase I/II Trial of Fludarabine Plus Busulfan and Allogeneic Progenitor Cell Support

Phase I/II Trial of Fludarabine in Combination With Intravenous Busulfan and Allogeneic Progenitor Cell Support for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

Objectives:

1. To determine the relative toxicities, engraftment potential, kinetics of engraftment, degree of chimerism and disease control achieved with the combination of fludarabine and busulfan at different dose levels and different dose schedules in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT).
2. Determine pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of intravenous busulfan given at equal total dose levels given four times daily, or once daily.
3. In vivo determination of fludarabine inhibitory effects on DNA repair.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hematologic Malignancies
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Busulfan; Drug: Fludarabine

Detailed Description

Treatment: Participants will have blood tests and bone marrow tests as well as tests to check lung, heart, kidney, and liver functions. Participants will receive busulfan by vein for 2 to 4 days depending on their age and medical condition. All participants will receive fludarabine which will be given over 4 days. Participants undergoing unmatched or matched unrelated donors will receive ATG over 4 days to help with the engraftment of the donor progenitor cells. All drugs are given through the vein daily.

The donor blood cells will be taken from the donor through a process known as apheresis. This will occur after the donor has received 2 days of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to increase her/his white cell count. The G-CSF will also increase the number of very immature (stem cells) that are to be collected. Apheresis is similar to a platelet donation, but white cells and stem cells are collected instead. About 3 to 5 apheresis procedures will be needed to get enough cells for infusion. If apheresis is not used, donor bone marrow will be taken under general anesthesia.

After the participants receives the donor stem cells, the stem cells divide and reconstitute bone marrow function, blood function, and immunity. The donor stem cells are given after the chemotherapy to shorten the period of low blood counts. They are also given at this time to achieve an antileukemic effect whereby the donor immune cells will recognize the participant's leukemia as "foreign" and prevent its recurrence. A small amount of donor cells will be kept for infusion on a future date (usually 3 and 6 months post transplant) to try to prevent the disease from coming back.

During the 4 to 8 weeks following blood cell infusion, participants will need frequent blood tests to monitor their counts and blood chemistries. Participants will need frequent blood transfusion and may have to be admitted to the hospital to receive antibiotics if they develop fever. Bone marrow will be examined frequently beginning four weeks after treatment to check response. Participants that achieve normal bone marrow and blood counts will be evaluated to determine the most appropriate form of future therapy. Participants who fail to respond to treatment will be offered other therapies.

This is an investigational study. All through all drugs are commercially available. Up to 140 participants will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 82
• Phase: Phase 2; Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • UT MD Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: No older than 75 years (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Less than physiologic 75 years of age.
2. Interferon resistant late chronic phase CML not eligible for a protocol of higher priority.
3. Accelerated/Blastic Phase CML.
4. Acute leukemia or Intermediate to High Risk MDS according to the IPPS.
5. Any Lymphoma or Myeloma beyond CR1 ineligible for a protocol of higher priority.
6. Patients must have an HLA compatible donor willing to donate either peripheral blood or bone marrow progenitor cells.
7. Both patients and donor must sign written informed consents.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Uncontrolled infection
2. Bilirubin >3.0
3. Creatinine >2.5
4. Performance Status >Zubrod 2

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Busulfan + Fludarabine; Busulfan starting 0.8 mg/kg by vein (IV) every 6 hours for 12 doses; Fludarabine 30 mg/m^2 IV daily for 4 days.	Drug: Busulfan; Starting Dose 0.8 mg/kg by vein every 6 hours x 12 doses.; Other Names: Busulfex; Myleran; Drug: Fludarabine; 30 mg/m^2 by vein daily x 4 days.; Other Names: Fludara; Fludarabine phosphate

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD)	Continual reassessment method (four times a day) used to determine an MTD, with a target toxicity probability of 20%, where "toxicity" is defined as grade 3 or 4 conventional toxicity [National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC)]. Participant evaluation in a cohort with each modality is 30 days.	1 month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)	Tacrolimus and Methotrexate used for acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) prophylaxis, clinical grading AGVHD criteria (Days 1-100): Grade 1: + to ++ skin rash; no gut involvement; no decrease in clinical performance status; Grade 2: + to +++ skin rash; + gut involvement and/or + liver involvement; mild decrease in performance status; Grade 3: ++ to +++ skin rash; ++ to +++ gut involvement and/or ++ to ++++ liver involvement; marked decrease in performance status; Grade 4: Similar to Grade 3 with ++ to ++++ organ involvement and extreme decrease in performance status.	5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Richard E. Champlin, MD, BS, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• UT MD Anderson Cancer Center Website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: November 1, 2003
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 23, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 23, 2007
• First Posted (Estimate): July 25, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): February 28, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 24, 2012
• Last Verified: January 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Lymphoma; Leukemia; Apheresis; MDS; Myeloma; Fludarabine; Fludara; Fludarabine Phosphate; Hematologic Malignancies; Busulfan; Busulfex; G-CSF; Blood And Marrow Transplantation; Myleran; Granulocyte colony stimulating factor; Progenitor Cell Transplantation; Blood cell infusion
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Site; Hematologic Diseases; Neoplasms; Hematologic Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Fludarabine; Fludarabine phosphate; Busulfan
• Other Study ID Numbers: DM99-251