Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation Among Veterans With Psychotic Disorders

Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation Among Veterans With Schizophrenia or Other Psychoses

This study examines the use of contingent incentives to increase attendance at smoking cessation treatment sessions by smokers with schizophrenia and other psychoses who want to quit smoking. We hypothesize that participants randomized to receive contingent rewards for group attendance will attend more treatment sessions than those in the control group.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Psychotic Disorders; Nicotine Dependence
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Contingency Management; Behavioral: Reward

Detailed Description

Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders are highly prevalent in the VA population and are associated with high rates of smoking. Although smoking cessations approaches that work for non-schizophrenic patients such as behavioral counseling and medications appear to be efficacious for schizophrenic smokers, a major obstacle in providing adequate treatment is poor attendance at treatment sessions. Contingency management has been shown to shape treatment behavior in non-schizophrenic smokers and to shape other behaviors such as cocaine use and exercise in schizophrenics.

The intention of this project is to examine the use of contingent incentives to increase attendance at smoking cessation treatment sessions by smokers with schizophrenia and other psychoses and to compare two different approaches to providing contingent incentives in this context. Subjects in the experimental condition draw from a fishbowl to obtain tokens when they attend a smoking cessation treatment session. The number of draws will be based upon attendance at consecutive sessions. Subjects in the experimental condition receive a set reward that will not change regardless of attendance at consecutive sessions. We hypothesize that the participants in the experimental condition will attend more smoking cessation group therapy sessions than those in the control condition because they will have the possibility, although not the likelihood, to obtain contingent reinforcement of greater value.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 23
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Washington
    • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98109
      • VA Puget Sound Health Care System

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• All subjects must be diagnosed with schizophrenia or any other psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder with psychotic features, or major depression with psychotic features according to the electronic medical record.
• Current nicotine use, defined as smoking 5 or more cigarettes/day for at least 16 of the past 30 days prior to study screening.
• Prospective subjects must indicate willingness to attend smoking cessation group therapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Imminent risk for suicide or violence.
• Severe psychiatric symptoms or psychosocial instability likely to prevent participation in the study protocol (i.e., attendance at scheduled sessions, ability to read study materials, and/or ability to comprehend interventions).
• Clinically apparent, gross cognitive impairment.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm 1; Experimental	Behavioral: Contingency Management; Participants draw from a fishbowl to obtain tokens when they attend a smoking cessation treatment session. The number of draws will be based upon attendance at consecutive sessions. Tokens include messages of encouragement ("Good job!") or VA canteen vouchers of varying monetary value.
Active Comparator: Arm 2; Active Comparator	Behavioral: Reward; Participants receive set reward (VA canteen voucher) for each week of smoking cessation treatment they attend. The value of the reward will not change regardless of attendance at consecutive sessions.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Number of treatment sessions attended	11 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Reduction in cigarettes per day	3 and 6 months
7- and 30-day point prevalence abstinence	3 and 6 months
Continuous abstinence from quit date	3 and 6 months
Days to relapse from quit date	Up to 6 months
Change in BPRS scores	3 and 6 months
Change in PHQ-9 scores	3 and 6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: US Department of Veterans Affairs
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Andrew J. Saxon, MD, VA Puget Sound Health Care System

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2012
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 27, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 27, 2007
• First Posted (Estimate): July 30, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): June 26, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 25, 2015
• Last Verified: June 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Veterans; Smoking cessation; Psychotic disorders; Contingency management
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Chemically-Induced Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders; Psychotic Disorders; Mental Disorders; Tobacco Use Disorder
• Other Study ID Numbers: SUD-Q