Study of the Safety and Efficacy of OPC-34712 as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of OPC-34712 as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Primary: To compare the efficacy of OPC-34712 to placebo as adjunctive treatment to an assigned open-label marketed antidepressant treatment (ADT)in patients who demonstrate an incomplete response to a prospective eight week trial of the same assigned open-label marketed ADT.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: OPC-34712; Drug: ADT; Drug: Placebo

Detailed Description

A comparison of the Fixed dose arm (OPC-31712, 0.15 mg) verses placebo was included as a general secondary efficacy variable and results for this dose group comparison are included under each of the Outcome Measures.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 850
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Arcadia, California, United States, 91007
      • Pacific Clinical Research Medical Group
    • Beverly Hills, California, United States, 90210
      • Southwestern Research
    • Escondido, California, United States, 92025
      • Synergy Escondido
    • Garden Grove, California, United States, 92845
      • Collaborative Neuroscience Network Inc.
    • National City, California, United States, 91950
      • Synergy Clinical Research Center
    • Oceanside, California, United States, 92056
      • Excell Research
    • San Diego, California, United States, 92108
      • Affiliated Research Institute
    • Sherman Oaks, California, United States, 91403
      • California Neuroscience Research Medical Group, inc.
  • Colorado
    • Denver, Colorado, United States, 80239
      • Radiant Research Center
  • Florida
    • Bradenton, Florida, United States, 34208
      • Florida Clinical Research Center, LLC
    • Coral Springs, Florida, United States, 33065
      • CNS Clinical Research Group
    • Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33912
      • Gulfcoast Clinical Research Center
    • Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32216
      • Clinical Neuroscience Solutions, Inc.
    • Kissimee, Florida, United States, 34741
      • Accurate Clinical Trials
    • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32806
      • Clinical Neurosciences Solutions
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33613
      • Stedman Clinical Trials
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33613
      • University of South Florida College of Medicine Psychiatry Center
    • West Palm Beach, Florida, United States, 33407
      • Janus Center
  • Georgia
    • Smyrna, Georgia, United States, 30080
      • Carman Research
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60640
      • Uptown Research Institute
    • Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois, United States, 60181
      • Midwest Center for Neurobehavioral Medicine
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46260
      • The Davis Clinic, PC
  • Kansas
    • Overland Park, Kansas, United States, 66212
      • Vince & Associates Clinical Research
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21208
      • Pharmasite Research, Inc.
  • New York
    • Mount Kisco, New York, United States, 10549
      • Bioscience Research
    • New York, New York, United States, 10023
      • Medical & Behavioral Health Research, PC
    • New York City, New York, United States, 10021
      • Eastside Comprehensive Medical Center
    • Rochester, New York, United States, 14618
      • Finger Lakes Clinical Research
  • North Carolina
    • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, 28211
      • Carolinas HealthCare - Behavioral Heath Center
  • Ohio
    • Beachwood, Ohio, United States, 44122
      • Northcoast Clinical Trials, Inc
    • Canton, Ohio, United States, 44718
      • Neuro-Behavioral Clinical Research, Inc
    • Cinncinnati, Ohio, United States, 45242
      • Patient Priority Clinical Sites, LLC
    • Dayton, Ohio, United States, 45408
      • Midwest Clinical Research Center
    • Middleburg Heights, Ohio, United States, 44130
      • Northstar Medical Research, LLC
  • Oregon
    • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97210
      • Summitt Research Network (Oregon)
  • Pennsylvania
    • Media, Pennsylvania, United States, 19063
      • Suburban Research Associates
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
      • University of Pennsylvania
  • South Carolina
    • Columbia, South Carolina, United States, 29203
      • USC School of Medicine- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
  • Tennessee
    • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38119
      • Clinical Neurosciences Solutions, Inc.
  • Texas
    • Austin, Texas, United States, 78754
      • Community Clinical Research, Inc.
    • Austin, Texas, United States, 78756
      • FutureSearch Clinical Trials
  • Utah
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84107
      • Radiant Research
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84132
      • Mood Disorders Clinic
  • Virginia
    • Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, 22903
      • Psychiatric Alliance Of The Blue Ridge
    • Herndon, Virginia, United States, 20170
      • Neuroscience, Inc.
    • Midlothian, Virginia, United States, 23112
      • Dominion Clinical Research
  • Washington
    • Bellevue, Washington, United States, 98007
      • Northwest Clinical Research Center
    • Seattle, Washington, United States
      • Summit Research Network (Seattle) Llc
  • Wisconsin
    • Brown Deer, Wisconsin, United States, 53223
      • Northbrooke Research Center
    • Middleton, Wisconsin, United States, 53562
      • Dean Foundation

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female subjects between 18 and 65 years of age, with diagnosis of major depressive disorder, as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria
• The current depressive episode must be equal to or greater than 8 weeks in duration
• Subjects must report a history for the current depressive episode of an inadequate response to at least one and no more than three adequate antidepressant treatments.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Females who are breast-feeding and/or who have a positive pregnancy test result prior to receiving study drug.
• Subjects who report an inadequate response to more than three adequate trials of antidepressant treatments during current depressive episode at a therapeutic dose for an adequate duration.

• Subjects with a current Axis I (DSM-IV-TR) diagnosis of:

  • Delirium, dementia,amnestic or other cognitive disorder
  • Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or other psychotic disorder
  • Bipolar I or II disorder
  • Subjects with a clinically significant current Axis II (DSM-IV-TR)
  • diagnosis of borderline, antisocial, paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal or histrionic personality disorder.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: TRIPLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: 1; OPC-34712 + ADT	Drug: OPC-34712; Tablets, Oral, 1 - 4 mg OPC-34712 variable dose once daily, 14 weeks; Other Names: Generic Name: Brexpiprazole; Drug: ADT; Tablets, 10 - 225 mgs, dose once daily, 14 weeks; Other Names: Escitalopram (Lexapro); Each individual will receive one of the following 6 ADTs:; Fluoxetine (Prozac); Paroxetine CR (Paxil CR); Sertraline (Zoloft); Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq); Venalfaxine XR (Effexor XR)
PLACEBO_COMPARATOR: 2; Placebo + ADT	Drug: ADT; Tablets, 10 - 225 mgs, dose once daily, 14 weeks; Other Names: Escitalopram (Lexapro); Each individual will receive one of the following 6 ADTs:; Fluoxetine (Prozac); Paroxetine CR (Paxil CR); Sertraline (Zoloft); Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq); Venalfaxine XR (Effexor XR); Drug: Placebo; Tablets, Oral, 1- 4 mg OPC-34712 once daily, 14 weeks

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From the End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to the End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Total Score.	The MADRS is utilized as the primary efficacy assessment of a participant's level of depression. The MADRS consists of 10 items, all rated on a 0 to 6 scale with 0 being the "best" rating and 6 being the "worst" rating. The MADRS Total Score is the sum of ratings for all 10 items. The possible Total scores are from 0 to 60. The MADRS Total Score was unevaluable if less than 8 of the 10 items are recorded. If 8 or 9 of the 10 items were recorded, the MADRS Total Score was the mean of the recorded items multiplied by 10 and then rounded to the first decimal place.	Week 8 to Week 14

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Mean Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Illness Scale (CGI-S) Score.	CGI-S items are: 0 = not assessed, 1 = normal, not at all ill, 2 = borderline mentally ill, 3 = mildly ill, 4 = moderately ill, 5 = markedly ill, 6 = severely ill, 7 = among the most extremely ill patients. The score 0 (= not assessed) was set to missing. The CGI-S was therefore a 7-point scale from 1 through 7. CGI-S was assessed at screening, baseline and each subsequent visit from Week 1 through Week 14.	Week 8 to Week 14
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Mean Quality of Life, Enjoyment, and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (QLES-Q-SF) Subscale Score - the Overall General Subscore (Sum of First 14 Items).	The Q-LES-Q is a self-report measure to enable physicians to obtain sensitive measures of the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced by participants in various areas of daily functioning. Each item is scored on a five-point scale, with 1= Very Poor; 2=Poor; 3=Fair; 4=Good; 5=Very Good. Lower scores indicating less enjoyment or satisfaction with the activity. The Overall-General Subscore will be defined by summing the scores on all 14 items and expressing it as the percent of the maximum possible score. When expressing the total score as a percentage, if items are left blank the range will be modified to reflect the number of items scored. Raw score is sum of non-missing ratings from items 1 to 14. Minimum score is number of non-missing items. Maximum score is 5*(minimum score). Range is maximum score minus minimum score. Total score is 100*(Raw score minus minimum score)/ Range, rounded to nearest integer.	Week 8 to Week 14
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Mean Score (the Mean of 3 Individual Item Scores).	The Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) is a self-rated instrument used to measure the effect of the participant's symptoms on work/school, social life, and family/home responsibilities. For each of the three items, scores range from 0 through 10. The number most representative of how much each area was disrupted by symptoms is marked along the line from 0 = not at all, to 10 = extremely. For the work/school item, no response was to be entered if the participant did not work or go to school for reasons unrelated to the disorder and a response therefore not being applicable. The Mean SDS Score will be calculated over the three item scores. All three item scores need to be available with the exception of the work/school item score when this item is not applicable.	Week 8 to Week 14
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) in MADRS Total Score for Every Study Week Visit in Phase B Other Than the Week 14 Visit.	The MADRS is utilized as the primary efficacy assessment of a patient's level of depression. The MADRS consists of 10 items, all rated on a 0 to 6 scale with 0 being the "best" rating and 6 being the "worst" rating. The MADRS Total Score is the sum of ratings for all 10 items. The possible Total scores are from 0 to 60. The MADRS Total Score was unevaluable if less than 8 of the 10 items are recorded. If 8 or 9 of the 10 items were recorded, the MADRS Total Score was the mean of the recorded items multiplied by 10 and then rounded to the first decimal place.	Week 8 to each of Week 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) in Mean CGI-S Score for Every Study Week Visit in Phase B Other Than the Week 14 Visit.	CGI-S items are: 0 = not assessed, 1 = normal, not at all ill, 2 = borderline mentally ill, 3 = mildly ill, 4 = moderately ill, 5 = markedly ill, 6 = severely ill, 7 = among the most extremely ill patients. The score 0 (= not assessed) was set to missing. The CGI-S was therefore a 7-point scale from 1 through 7. CGI-S was assessed at screening, baseline and each subsequent visit from Week 1 through Week 14.	Week 8 to each of Week 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Mean Q-LES-Q-SF Item 15 Score (Satisfaction With Medication).	The Q-LES-Q (Short Form) is a self-report measure designed to enable physicians to easily obtain sensitive measures of the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced by participants in various areas of daily functioning. Each item is scored on a five-point scale, with 1= Very Poor; 2=Poor; 3=Fair; 4=Good; 5=Very Good. Lower scores indicating less enjoyment or satisfaction with the activity. According to the scoring system suggested for this questionnaire, item 15 (Satisfaction with Medication) will yield a separate subscore.	Week 8 to Week 14
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Mean Q-LES-Q-SF Item 16 Score (Overall Life Satisfaction).	The Q-LES-Q (Short Form) is a self-report measure designed to enable physicians to easily obtain sensitive measures of the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced by participants in various areas of daily functioning. Each item is scored on a five-point scale, with 1= Very Poor; 2=Poor; 3=Fair; 4=Good; 5=Very Good. Lower scores indicating less enjoyment or satisfaction with the activity. According to the scoring system suggested for this questionnaire, item 16 (Overall Life Satisfaction) will yield a separate subscore.	Week 8 to Week 14
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) for Every Study Week Visit in Phase B in Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Self-Report) (IDS-SR) Total Score.	The IDS-SR is a 30-item self-report measure used to assess core diagnostic depressive symptoms as well as atypical and melancholic symptom features of major depressive disorders. The IDS-SR consists of 30 items, all rated on a 0 to 3 scale with 0 being the "best" rating and 3 being the "worst" rating. The IDS-SR Total Score is the sum of ratings of 28 item scores. The possible IDS-SR Total Score ranges from 0 to 84. The IDS-SR Total Score was un-evaluable if less than 23 of the 28 items are recorded. If the number of items was at least 23 and at most 27, the IDS-SR Total Score will be the mean of the recorded items multiplied by 28 and then rounded to the first decimal place.	Week 8 to each of Week 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14
Change From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit) to End of Phase B (Week 14 Visit) in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) Score.	The HAM-D17 is utilized as a secondary assessment of a participant's level of depression. The HAM-D (17-Item) consists of 17 items. Eight items are rated on a 0 to 2 scale (items 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 17), while nine items (items 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 15) are rated on a 0 to 4 scale (twice the weight of the other items). For all of these items, 0 is the "best" rating and the highest score (2 or 4) is the "worst" rating. The possible total scores are from 0 to 52.	Week 8 to Week 14
Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale (CGI-I) Score at Each Study Week Visit in Phase B.	CGI-I items are: 0 = not assessed, 1 = very much improved, 2 = much improved, 3 = minimally improved, 4 = no change, 5 = minimally worse, 6 = much worse, 7 = very much worse. The score of 0 (= not assessed) will be set to missing. The CGI-I is therefore a 7-point scale from 1 through 7. CGI-I was assessed at each visit in Phase B, and improvement is judged with respect to the participant's condition at baseline. CGI-I was also assessed at each visit in Phase B, but in that phase improvement is judged with respect to the partcipant's condition at the end of Phase A.	Week 8 to each of Week 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.
Percentage of Participants With MADRS Response From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit).	A MADRS response was defined as >/= 50% reduction in MADRS Total Score from end of Phase A (Week 8 visit).	Week 8 to each of Week 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.
Percentage of Participants With MADRS Remission From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit).	A MADRS remission was defined as MADRS Total Score </= 10 and >/= 50% reduction in MADRS Total Score from end of Phase A (Week 8 visit).	Week 8 to each of Week 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.
Percentage of Participants With CGI-I Response From End of Phase A (Week 8 Visit).	CGI-I response is defined as CGI-I of 1 [very much improved] or 2 [much improved].	Week 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc.

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Hobart M, Zhang P, Weiss C, Meehan SR, Eriksson H. Adjunctive Brexpiprazole and Functioning in Major Depressive Disorder: A Pooled Analysis of Six Randomized Studies Using the Sheehan Disability Scale. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019 Mar 1;22(3):173-179. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy095.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2009
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): June 1, 2010
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): July 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 24, 2008
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 24, 2008
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): November 25, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): February 29, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 2, 2016
• Last Verified: February 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: OPC-34712, Major Depressive Disorder, Adjunctive Treatment
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Behavioral Symptoms; Mental Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Mood Disorders; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease; Depressive Disorder, Major; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Psychotropic Drugs; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Membrane Transport Modulators; Serotonin Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Agents; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors; Sertraline; Citalopram; Paroxetine; Desvenlafaxine Succinate; Fluoxetine; Brexpiprazole
• Other Study ID Numbers: 331-08-211