The Effects of Exercise on Dietary Intake

The Effects of Exercise on Energy Balance and Macronutrient Intake in College-aged Males

The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not energy and macronutrient intake changes when comparing habitually active and habitually sedentary college-aged males in two different sessions of one resting and one exercise.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Active Lifestyle Males; Inactive Lifestyle Males
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Exercise Session; Other: Rest Session

Detailed Description

Obesity is a consequence of positive energy balance, in which more energy is consumed than expended. It is hypothesized that regular amounts of physical activity may be important in helping individuals more accurately regulate energy balance. More research is needed to understand the impact of a physically active lifestyle on energy regulation capabilities Therefore, this study looks at sedentary college aged males compared to active college aged males when looking at two different sessions of energy expenditure, one exercise session and one resting session, and their energy and macronutrient intake after these sessions. The sessions will take place in the morning where each participant will exercise or rest and then be allowed to eat from a buffet ad libitum, where acute energy and macronutrient intake will be assessed.

The following hypotheses are proposed:

• Individuals who regularly engage in physical activity will more accurately respond to an energy deficit caused by an acute period of physical activity by increasing intake at a subsequent meal.
• Individuals who do not regularly engage in physical activity (sedentary individuals) will be less sensitive to accurately regulate energy balance and will not respond to an energy deficit caused by a period of acute physical activity.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 20
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Tennessee
    • Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, 37920
      • Healthy Eating and Activity Laboratory, University of Tennessee

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 30 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI of 20-25
• Percent body fat of 10-18%
• Exercises greater than or equal to 5 days/wk at 30 min/day or less than or equal to 1 day/week at 1 hour/day consistently for the past month
• Likes study foods

Exclusion Criteria:

• Does not fit in exercise criteria
• Allergies or unwillingness eat study food, falls
• From survey qualifies as a "conscious eater"

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Active males; Males who participate in at least 30 minutes of physical activity on 5 or more days per week for the last month.	Other: Exercise Session; This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The "Exercise Session" will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing 45 min bout of exercise on an exercise bike, followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.; Other: Rest Session; This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The "Rest Session" will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing a 45 min period of reading followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.
Active Comparator: Inactive males; Males who participate in less than 1 hour of physical activity per week for the last month.	Other: Exercise Session; This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The "Exercise Session" will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing 45 min bout of exercise on an exercise bike, followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.; Other: Rest Session; This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The "Rest Session" will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing a 45 min period of reading followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Energy Intake at the Meal (Exercise Session)	Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Energy Intake at the Meal (Rest Session)	Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Exercise Session)	Carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Rest Session)	carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Exercise Session)	Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Rest Session)	Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Exercise Session)	Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours
Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Rest Session)	Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed.	2 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: The University of Tennessee, Knoxville
• Investigators: Study Chair: Hollie Raynor, PhD, RD, University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: November 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2009

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 20, 2009
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 21, 2009
• First Posted (Estimate): July 22, 2009

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 29, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 3, 2018
• Last Verified: April 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Exercise; Energy Expenditure; Sedentary; Energy Balance; Macronutrient Intake; Energy and Macronutrient intake; Exercise and Energy Balance
• Other Study ID Numbers: Univ. of Tennessee IRB:7679B