Continuous Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP) Iron Delivery Via Dialysate in Hemodialysis Patients (CRUISE 2)

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study of Dialysate Containing Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP) in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: The Continuous Replacement Using Iron Soluble Equivalents (CRUISE 2) Study

The purpose of this study is to confirm the safety and efficacy of Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP) dialysate solution in maintaining iron delivery for erythropoiesis in anemic adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving hemodialysis. Efficacy will be measured primarily by the change from baseline in hemoglobin (Hgb).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Renal Failure Chronic Requiring Hemodialysis
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP); Device: Standard dialysate

Detailed Description

Screening: 2-3 weeks prior to enrollment in Stage 1.

Stage 1 (Run-In): 1-4weeks depending on qualification for Stage 2.

Stage 2 (Randomized Blinded Treatment): 12 months unless withdrawn prematurely.

Stage 3 (Open-Label Treatment): The duration of Stage 2 plus Stage 3 is intended to be 18 months regardless of treatment assignment in Stage 2.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 294
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Alberta
    • Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2B7
      • Investogator
  • Quebec
    • Greenfield Park, Quebec, Canada, J4V 2H1
      • Investigator
• United States
  • Arkansas
    • Paragould, Arkansas, United States, 72450
      • Investigator
    • Pine Bluff, Arkansas, United States, 71603
      • Investigator
  • California
    • Alhambra, California, United States, 91801
      • Investigator
    • Beverly Hills, California, United States, 90211
      • Investigator
    • Glendale, California, United States, 91204
      • Investigator
    • La Mesa, California, United States, 91942
      • Investigator
    • Long Beach, California, United States, 90807
      • Investigator
    • Lynwood, California, United States, 90262
      • Investigator
    • Paramount, California, United States, 90723
      • Investigator
    • Whittier, California, United States, 90603
      • Investigator
  • Florida
    • Pembroke Pines, Florida, United States, 33025
      • Investigator
  • Georgia
    • Augusta, Georgia, United States, 30901
      • Investigator
    • Macon, Georgia, United States, 31217
      • Investigator
  • Idaho
    • Meridian, Idaho, United States, 83642
      • Investigator
  • Illinois
    • Hines, Illinois, United States, 60141
      • Investigator
  • Maryland
    • Rockville, Maryland, United States, 20850
      • Investigator
  • Michigan
    • Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48236
      • Investigator
    • Pontiac, Michigan, United States, 48341
      • Investigator
    • Southfield, Michigan, United States, 48034
      • Investigator
  • New Jersey
    • Eatontown, New Jersey, United States, 07724
      • Investigator
  • New York
    • Brooklyn, New York, United States, 11212
      • Investigator
    • Fresh Meadows, New York, United States, 11365
      • Investigator
    • Great Neck, New York, United States, 11021
      • Investigator
    • Orchard Park, New York, United States, 14127
      • Investigator
    • The Bronx, New York, United States, 10461
      • Investigator
  • Oklahoma
    • Bethany, Oklahoma, United States, 73008
      • Investigator
  • Pennsylvania
    • Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States, 18017
      • Investigator
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19106
      • Investigator
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19144
      • Investigator
  • Tennessee
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37205
      • Investigator
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37232
      • Investigator
  • Texas
    • Arlington, Texas, United States, 76015
      • Investigator
    • Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 76105
      • Investigator
    • Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 76104
      • Investigator
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77004
      • Investigator
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77099
      • Investigator
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229
      • Investigator
  • Virginia
    • Fairfax, Virginia, United States, 22033
      • Investigator

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Stage 1:

Main Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult subject ≥ 18 years of age undergoing chronic hemodialysis three or four times per week for chronic kidney disease (CKD) for at least 4 months, and expected to remain on hemodialysis three to four times weekly and be able to complete the duration of the study.
• Received IV iron therapy between 6 months and 2 weeks prior to enrollment in order to replace iron losses resulting from hemodialysis procedure.
• Mean Screening Hgb ≥ 9.5 to ≤ 11.5 grams per deciliter (g/dL).
• Mean Screening Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) ≥ 15% to ≤ 40%.
• Mean Screening serum ferritin ≥ 200 to ≤ 800 micrograms per liter (µg/L).
• If being administered epoetin, darbepoetin, or CERA, epoetin dose ≤ 45,000 Units (U)/week, darbepoetin dose ≤ 200 micrograms (µg)/week, or CERA dose ≤ 400 micrograms (µg)/month during the four weeks prior to enrollment.

Main Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient has living kidney donor identified or living-donor kidney transplant scheduled. (Note: Patients awaiting deceased-donor transplant need not be excluded.)
• Vascular access for dialysis with femoral catheter or non-tunneled catheter.
• Received a total of > 800 milligrams (mg) IV iron during the 8 weeks prior to enrollment.
• If being administered an ESA, route of administration change or ESA dose change > 35% (i.e., [max - min dose]/max dose > 0.35) over the 2 weeks prior to screening.
• Serum albumin < 3.0 grams per deciliter (g/dL) any time over the 8 weeks prior to enrollment.
• Red Blood Cell (RBC) or whole blood transfusion within 12 weeks prior to enrollment.

Stage 2:

Main Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient currently enrolled in the Stage 1 run-in period of study.
• Undergoing chronic hemodialysis three or four times per week for chronic kidney disease (CKD), and expected to remain on hemodialysis three to four times weekly and be able to complete duration of the study.
• Mean Hgb ≥ 9.5 to ≤ 11.5 g/dL over the three most recent consecutive every-week measurements prior to randomization.
• Stable Hgb defined as ≤ 1.0 g/dL difference between the maximum and minimum Hgb values over the 3 weeks immediately prior to randomization.
• Mean TSAT ≥ 15% to ≤ 40% over the two most recent consecutive every-other-week measurements prior to randomization.
• Mean serum ferritin ≥ 200 to ≤ 800 µg/L over the two most recent consecutive every-other-week measurements prior to randomization.
• If being administered epoetin, darbepoetin, or CERA, epoetin dose ≤ 45,000 U/week, darbepoetin dose ≤ 200 µg/week, or CERA dose ≤ 400 µg/month during the four weeks prior to randomization.

Main Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient has living kidney donor identified or living-donor kidney transplant scheduled. (Note: Patients awaiting deceased-donor transplant need not be excluded.)
• Vascular access for dialysis with femoral catheter or non-tunneled catheter.
• Received any amount of IV iron during the 4 weeks prior to randomization.
• If being administered an (Erythropoietin Stimulating Agent) ESA, change in dose over the 6 weeks immediately prior to randomization.
• Serum albumin < 3.0 g/dL any time over the 8 weeks prior to randomization.
• RBC or whole blood transfusion during Stage 1.

Stage 3:

Main Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient randomized in Stage 2 who has completed the full duration of Stage 2 and less than 4 weeks have elapsed since completion of Stage 2, OR
• Patient in Stage 2 who has been prematurely withdrawn from Stage 2 for protocol-defined Protocol-Mandated Change in Anemia Management and less than 4 weeks have elapsed since withdrawal from Stage 2, OR
• Patient in Stage 2 who has been prematurely withdrawn from Stage 2 for Hgb >11.5 g/dL over ≥ 1 week confirmed by ≥ 2 consecutive measurements AND an associated increase in Hgb by ≥ 1 g/dL over 4 weeks.

Main Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient in Stage 2 who has been prematurely withdrawn from Stage 2 for any reason other than as noted in inclusion criteria above.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP) in dialysate; 11 micrograms (µg) of iron / deciliter (dL) of dialysate.	Drug: Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP); Patients to receive 11 micrograms (µg) of iron/ deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 or 4 times/week for up to 18 months.
Placebo Comparator: Standard Dialysate; 0 micrograms (µg) of iron / deciliter (dL) of dialysate.	Device: Standard dialysate; Patients to receive standard dialysate (no iron) during dialysis 3 or 4 times/week.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline Hemoglobin at End-of-Treatment: Least-Squares Mean	Mean change from baseline Hgb (the average of the three most recent Hgb values preceding randomization) assessments during the last one-sixth of the treatment period for patients who prematurely withdraw from study treatment, but will include a minimum of at least the last two Hgb values. Value is expressed as least-squares mean, along with standard error.	Hgb measured weekly; up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Change From Baseline Hemoglobin at End-of-Treatment: Mean Baseline and End-of-Treatment Hemoglobin	Mean change from baseline Hgb (the average of the three most recent Hgb values preceding randomization) assessments during the last one-sixth of the treatment period for patients who prematurely withdraw from study treatment, but will include a minimum of at least the last two Hgb values. Values expressed are mean baseline and end-of-treatment Hgb, along with the mean difference (standard deviation).	Hgb measured weekly; up to 48 weeks from date of randomization

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Mean Change in Serum Iron From Pre-Dialysis to Post-Dialysis	The mean difference between the pre-dialysis and post-dialysis serum iron was calculated, using all post-baseline values obtained during Stage 2. Subjects could participate in Stage 2 for up to 48 weeks, provided that they did not complete Stage 2 early due to a protocol-mandated change in anemia management or withdraw from the study entirely for other reasons.	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Mean Change in Transferrin Saturation From Pre-Dialysis to Post-Dialysis	The mean difference between the pre-dialysis and post-dialysis TSAT (transferrin) was calculated, using all post-baseline values obtained during Stage 2. Subjects could participate in Stage 2 for up to 48 weeks, provided that they did not complete Stage 2 early due to a protocol-mandated change in anemia management or withdraw from the study entirely for other reasons.	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Mean Change in Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC) From Pre-Dialysis to Post-Dialysis	The mean difference between the pre-dialysis and post-dialysis unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) was calculated, using all post-baseline values obtained during Stage 2. Subjects could participate in Stage 2 for up to 48 weeks, provided that they did not complete Stage 2 early due to a protocol-mandated change in anemia management or withdraw from the study entirely for other reasons.	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Red Blood Cell or Whole Blood Transfusion: Number of Patients Who Received a Transfusion	The number of patients requiring red blood cell or whole blood transfusion while in the randomized treatment stage (Stage 2). Patients remained in Stage 2 until they met protocol-defined criteria for Stage 2 completion or until they had participated in Stage 2 for 48 weeks (whichever came sooner). If a patient was transfused, they were withdrawn from Stage 2.	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Red Blood Cell or Whole Blood Transfusion: Number of Units Transfused	The total number of units of red blood cells or whole blood that were received by patients while in the randomized treatment stage (Stage 2). This number is the total number of units received across all randomized patients in each treatment group (it is not the average number of units received per patient). Patients remained in Stage 2 until they met protocol-defined criteria for Stage 2 completion or until they had participated in Stage 2 for 48 weeks (whichever came sooner). If a patient was transfused, they were withdrawn from Stage 2.	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Percentage of Change From Baseline to End-of-Treatment for: Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content (CHr), Ferritin, and the Pre-Dialysis Serum Iron Panel	A comparison of the lab values at the end-of-treatment (EoT) to baseline was performed, and the percentage of change from baseline was calculated for the following lab parameters: reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr), Ferritin, pre-dialysis unbound iron-binding capacity (UIBC), pre-dialysis serum iron, pre-dialysis transferrin, pre-dialysis total iron-binding capacity TIBC), and transferrin saturation (TSAT).	up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Change From Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Pre-Dialysis Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC), Pre-Dialysis Serum Iron, and Pre-Dialysis Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC)	The Mean Change from Stage 2 Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Pre-Dialysis Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC), Pre-Dialysis Serum Iron, and Pre-Dialysis Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) will be quantified.	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Change From Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr)	The Mean Change from Stage 2 Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr)	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Change From Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Ferritin	The Mean Change from Stage 2 Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Ferritin	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Change From Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Pre-Dialysis Transferrin	The Mean Change from Stage 2 Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Pre-Dialysis Transferrin	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Change From Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Pre-Dialysis Transferrin Saturation (TSAT)	The Mean Change from Stage 2 Baseline to End-of-Treatment (EoT) in Pre-Dialysis Transferrin Saturation (TSAT)	Up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Variability of Hemoglobin Concentration: Temporal Trend	The mean temporal trend of hemoglobin concentration value changes, as measured weekly from baseline until the end of participation in Stage 2.	up to 48 weeks from date of randomization
Variability of Hemoglobin Concentration: Residual Standard Deviation	The mean residual standard deviation of the hemoglobin concentration changes, as measured weekly from baseline until the end of participation in Stage 2.	up to 48 weeks from date of randomization

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Rockwell Medical Technologies, Inc.

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Fishbane SN, Singh AK, Cournoyer SH, Jindal KK, Fanti P, Guss CD, Lin VH, Pratt RD, Gupta A. Ferric pyrophosphate citrate (Triferic) administration via the dialysate maintains hemoglobin and iron balance in chronic hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2015 Dec;30(12):2019-26. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv277. Epub 2015 Jul 13.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: April 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): February 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 22, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): March 24, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 26, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 24, 2017
• Last Verified: April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: End Stage Renal Disease; Hemodialysis; SFP; Hemodialysis-dependent chronic renal failure
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Kidney Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Insufficiency; Pharmaceutical Solutions; Dialysis Solutions
• Other Study ID Numbers: RMTI-SFP-5