Neural Links Between OCD and Anorexia
Shared and Unique Neural Links Between OCD and Anorexia: Investigating Biological Mechanisms of Phenotypic Expression
Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) have long been observed to demonstrate symptoms in common with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), in particular, an obsessive fear of normal weight leading to dangerous food restriction, as well as many compulsive rituals about food. Both AN and OCD are seriously handicapping and often resistant to conventional therapies. Given that the two conditions often co-occur and are associated with still unknown genetic risk factors, the aim of this project is to identify their shared and distinct patterns of brain activity.
The investigators propose to use functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare brain response among adolescents with AN, OCD, and age-matched healthy individuals. Specifically, this study will investigate function of distinct brain circuits related to core aspects of these related disorders. The investigators use three tasks related to set shifting, global vs. local processing, and reward. Based on evidence of deficits in cognitive flexibility and ability to change behavior, the investigators hypothesize that adolescents with AN and with OCD will show hypoactivity of frontostriatal circuitry during cognitive tasks, and adolescents with AN will show hyperactivity in limbic regions in a reward task.
This study is the first to directly compare brain activation patterns using functional neuroimaging in AN and OCD. The goal is to determine how abnormal brain activity relates to symptom formation, what accounts for shared characteristics amongst these disorders, and whether deficits in specific circuitry underlie their unique defining features. The study of shared and unique elements of functional brain circuitry reflects a new, emerging approach to the classification of psychiatric illness, one based on identifying unique combinations of biological risk factors that link related conditions. This approach is widely believed to be a critical step forward in developing more brain-relevant targeted strategies for preventative interventions.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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California
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Stanford, California, United States, 94305
- Stanford University School of Medicine
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Sampling Method
Study Population
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- female
- age 12-19
- anorexia nervosa diagnosis OR obsessive-compulsive diagnosis OR no psychiatric disorder
Exclusion Criteria:
- any contraindication for MRI (orthodontia, vascular stent, metallic ear tubes, metal implants, piercings, etc.)
- neurological disorder, psychiatric disorder, or any major sensory deficit not associated with eating disorders or OCD (blindness, head trauma, bipolar disorder, seizure disorder, etc.)
- pregnancy
- below 85% of ideal body weight
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
Cohorts and Interventions
Group / Cohort |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
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anorexia nervosa
Diagnosis of anorexia nervosa
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
Diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder
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healthy control
No psychiatric diagnoses
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sisters
Sisters of those enrolled with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
|---|---|
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Brain activity related to set shifting
Time Frame: Baseline
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Baseline
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Brain activity related to global vs. local processing
Time Frame: Baseline
|
Baseline
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Brain activity related to reward
Time Frame: Baseline
|
Baseline
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Cara Bohon, PhD, Stanford University
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 18888
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