Cold Application on Pain During Chest Tube Removal

Efficacy of Cold Application on Pain During Chest Tube Removal: A Randomized Controlled Trial : A CONSORT Compliant Article

Abstract Objectives: Use of analgesics is the most common method to alleviate the pain induced by chest tube removal (CTR), but patient response to medication can vary and may not be achieved complete relaxation. This study was to determine the effectiveness of cold application in combination with standard analgesic administration before CTR on CTR-induced pain.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo sham-controlled study was conducted. In addition to the same routine care, subjects in the experimental group (n = 30) received cold application of 600 g ice packs 15 minutes before CTR, whereas subjects in the placebo sham group (n = 30) received tap water packs. Numerical rating scale was used to measured pain intensity before, immediately after, and 10 minutes after CTR.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chest Tube Removal
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: cold application; Other: tap water packs application

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• (a) age greater than 20 years, (b) single chest-tube insertion, (c) first-time insertion of the chest tube, (d) ability to verbally report pain, (e) body mass index of < 30 kg/m2, and (f) normal vital signs.

Exclusion Criteria:

• cold urticaria

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: cold application (experimental group); subjects in the experimental group (n = 30) received cold application of 600 g ice packs 15 minutes before CTR	Other: cold application; We manufactured two ice packs (17 × 12 cm) with a combined weight of 600 g. The ice packs were inserted into adjustable wraps made in our hospital so that they can be fixed next to the skin on each side of the chest tube in patients awaiting CTR. The combined contact area of the ice packs was approximately 25 cm in diameter around the chest tube. For patients of the experimental group, they were received 15-minutes cold application.
Sham Comparator: tap water packs application (sham group); subjects in the sham group (n = 30) received tap water packs.	Other: tap water packs application; We manufactured two tap water packs (17 × 12 cm) with a combined weight of 600 g. The tap water packs were inserted into adjustable wraps made in our hospital so that they can be fixed next to the skin on each side of the chest tube in patients awaiting CTR. The combined contact area of the tap water packs was approximately 25 cm in diameter around the chest tube. For patients of the sham group, they were received 15-minutes tap water application.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
numerical rating scale (NRS)	the intensity of pain at the chest tube replacement	before cold application
numerical rating scale (NRS)	the intensity of pain at the chest tube removal	immediately after chest tube removal
numerical rating scale (NRS)	the intensity of pain at the chest tube removal	10 minutes after chest tube removal

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Chiayi Christian Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Hsieh LY, Chen YR, Lu MC. Efficacy of cold application on pain during chest tube removal: a randomized controlled trial: A CONSORT-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Nov;96(46):e8642. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008642.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 15, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 15, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): September 15, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 2, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 10, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): October 11, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 11, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 10, 2017
• Last Verified: October 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 103044

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No