SubsTRate OxidatioN in Girls (STRONG)

Race Differences in 24-hour Energy Expenditure, Substrate Oxidation, and Appetite in Adolescent Girls

This study will examine race differences in total energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) during and after exercise, compared to a sedentary control condition, in adolescent girls who are classified as overweight. In addition, subjective appetite and objective energy intake will be measured throughout the assessment periods.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Overweight Adolescents
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Acute exercise

Detailed Description

Aim 1: Measure 24-hour energy expenditure and its components (resting, activity, and sleep energy expenditure) and compare differences between African-American and White girls.

Hypothesis: Total, resting, and sleep energy expenditure will be lower in African-American relative to White girls. Activity energy expenditure will be equivalent per the study design.

Aim 2: Measure and compare substrate oxidation and associations with appetite (i.e., hunger, desire to eat) and energy intake between African-American and White girls.

Hypothesis: African-American girls will have a higher RQ at rest, during exercise, and following exercise, and RQ will be positively associated with subjective appetite ratings and energy intake.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 14
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Louisiana
    • Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States, 70808
      • Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 13 years to 17 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female
• Age 13-17 years, inclusive
• Achieved menarche based on parent- and/or self-report
• Overweight based on BMI percentile for age and sex (≥ 85th and < 95th)
• Self-identification as non-Hispanic White or African-American
• Willing to maintain current physical activity, sleep schedule, and dietary habits during the study
• Willing to comply with study procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

• Contraindications to exercise testing as defined by the American College of Sports Medicine (i.e., medical history of cardiovascular, pulmonary, or physical conditions that affect the ability to exercise)
• Food allergies
• Dietary restrictions
• Unwilling to consume study foods
• History of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Current amenorrhea or other menstrual cycle irregularities
• Pregnant or currently breastfeeding
• Current anemia
• Use of medications affecting metabolism or sleep
• Inability to properly or safely complete the study procedures per the investigators' discretion

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Exercise; Participants will complete a prescribed exercise bout.	Other: Acute exercise; Participants will complete a morning exercise bout at 70% of their individual maximal aerobic capacity to burn 200 kilocalories above their basal metabolic rate.
No Intervention: Sedentary; Participants will rest quietly in a seated position for the equivalent amount of time prescribed for the exercise condition.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Exercise Day Energy expenditure	Total energy expenditure and its components (sleeping, wake [non-exercise], activity) as measured by the metabolic chamber	24 hours on Exercise Day
Sedentary Day Energy expenditure	Total energy expenditure and its components (sleeping, wake [non-exercise], activity) as measured by the metabolic chamber	24 hours on Sedentary Day
Exercise Day Substrate oxidation	Non-protein respiratory quotient (i.e., carbohydrate and fat utilization) as measured by the metabolic chamber	24 hours on Exercise Day
Sedentary Day Substrate oxidation	Non-protein respiratory quotient (i.e., carbohydrate and fat utilization) as measured by the metabolic chamber	24 hours on Sedentary Day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Exercise Day Appetite	Overall subjective appetite and its components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective food consumption, satisfaction, food wanting) assessed by visual analog scales (0-100 mm) during the metabolic chamber assessments	24 hours on Exercise Day
Sedentary Day Appetite	Overall subjective appetite and its components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective food consumption, satisfaction, food wanting) assessed by visual analog scales (0-100 mm) during the metabolic chamber assessments	24 hours on Sedentary Day
Exercise Day Energy Intake	Objectively measured food intake during the metabolic chamber assessments will be converted to energy intake in kilocalories	24 hours on Exercise Day
Sedentary Day Energy Intake	Objectively measured food intake during the metabolic chamber assessments will be converted to energy intake in kilocalories	24 hours on Sedentary Day

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)	Total body composition (fat, muscle, bone tissue) measured by Hologic Discovery DXA	Baseline screening visit
Body shape	3D optical imaging assessment of body shape by Fit3D scanner	Baseline screening visit
Cardiorespiratory fitness	Maximal aerobic capacity assessed by graded cycle ergometer test to volitional fatigue	Baseline screening visit
Resting metabolic rate	Measured over a 30-minute period by ventilated hood and metabolic cart	Baseline screening visit
Implicit activity preferences	Relative preference for physical versus sedentary activities as assessed by a forced-choice behavioral task	Baseline screening visit
Habitual physical activity	Accelerometry measures of usual physical activity before each experimental visit	7 days leading up to Exercise Day and Sedentary Day
Habitual sedentary time	Accelerometry measures of usual sedentary time before each experimental visit	7 days leading up to Exercise Day and Sedentary Day
Habitual food intake	Food intake diary/dietary record to assist participants in maintaining consistent diet before each experimental visit	3 days leading up to Exercise Day and Sedentary Day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Pennington Biomedical Research Center
• Collaborators: Nutrition Obesity Research Center
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Eric Ravussin, PhD, Professor

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 15, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 2, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): October 20, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 14, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 20, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): July 23, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 2, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 1, 2024
• Last Verified: April 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Energy expenditure; Exercise; Appetite; Energy intake; Substrate oxidation
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Body Weight; Overweight
• Other Study ID Numbers: PBRC 2020-003

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: De-identified IPD will be housed indefinitely on secure digital servers as part of the Pennington Biomedical Clinical Database. De-identified IPD may be made available to other researchers upon reasonable request to the Principal Investigator, following Pennington Biomedical's standard procedures for data use agreements and secure data transfers.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No