Young Children's Sleep Patterns and Problems Among Turkish Children

Young Children's Sleep Patterns and Problems Among Turkish Children: Cross-sectional Study From a Nationally Representative Sample

Sleep is important for optimal child growth, development, and family functioning. Behavioral pediatric insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders identified in young children. Well-child visits represent an important setting for addressing concerns regarding the child's sleep patterns and sleep problems.

Investigators aimed to describe sleep/wake patterns of young children, evaluate the associations between parental depressive, and anxiety symptoms, parental involvement in child-care, sleep-related behaviors and children's sleep parameters.

The study has a descriptive cross-sectional study design. An estimated sample size was 2089 participants considering the number of children aged between 6-36 months in the country, and the estimated prevalence of Behavioral Insomnia being 30%. A multi-stage stratification is used to calculate the number of participants to be taken at the level of 12 geographical regions according to Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS-1). A sleep study group is established by the study coordinator, and researchers running a well-child outpatient clinic from each region across the country are included.

Investigators invite mothers of children aged 6 to 36 months who either visited for a well-child outpatient clinic or in the waiting list for follow up to complete the online questionnaire about their children's sleep/wake patterns utilizing mailing lists obtained from the outpatient clinics. Recruitment will take place from April to June 2021. The questionnaire included Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, and separate questions on fathers' involvement in child care, and sociodemographic characteristics. An online google survey is developed on the google platform securing data collection by a confidential log in system which can be filled out from smartphones, tablet or computer. The questionnaire takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Child Behavior Problem

Detailed Description

Sleep is important for optimal child growth, development, and family functioning. Behavioral pediatric insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders identified in young children. Well-child visits represent an important setting for addressing concerns regarding the child's sleep patterns and sleep problems.

Investigators aimed to describe sleep/wake patterns of young children, evaluate the associations between parental depressive, and anxiety symptoms, parental involvement in child-care, sleep-related behaviors and children's sleep parameters.

The study has a descriptive cross-sectional study design. According to the formula for the known number of individuals in the universe [Sample formula with known number of individuals n = [Np(1-p)]/ [(d2/Z21-α/2*(N-1)+p*(1-p)], (α=0.05, p=0.32, d=0.02) the sample size to represent the population was found to be 2089, considering the number of children aged between 6-36 months in the country, and the estimated prevalence of Behavioral Insomnia being 30%. A multi-stage stratification is used to calculate the number of participants to be taken at the level of 12 geographical regions according to Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS-1). A sleep study group is established by the study coordinator, and researchers running a well-child outpatient clinic from each region across the country are included.

Investigators invite mothers of children aged 6 to 36 months who either visited for a well-child outpatient clinic or in the waiting list for follow up to complete the online questionnaire about their children's sleep/wake patterns utilizing mailing lists obtained from the outpatient clinics. Recruitment will take place from April to June 2021. The questionnaire included Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, and separate questions on fathers' involvement in child care, and sociodemographic characteristics. An online google survey is developed on the google platform securing data collection by a confidential log in system which can be filled out from smartphones, tablet or computer. The questionnaire takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 2434

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey
    • Marmara University School of Medicine

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 6 months to 3 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

mothers of healthy infants aged between 6 to 36 months

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• mothers of healthy infants aged between 6 to 36 months

Exclusion Criteria:

infants <37 gestational week, congenital disease, neurodevelopmental disorder, use of drugs that can affect sleep such as diphenhydramine, Obstructive Sleep Apnea diagnosis

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Sleep wake patterns	Sleep wake patterns of children aged between 6-36 months	Baseline
Sleep problem	Maternal report of sleep problem	Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
maternal depression	maternal depression score assessed with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale	Baseline
maternal anxiety	maternal anxiety score assessed with Generalized Anxiety Scale-7	baseline
paternal involvement in child care	paternal involvement will be assessed with 5 questions	baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Marmara University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 1, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 30, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): August 14, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 8, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 8, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): June 14, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 26, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 25, 2022
• Last Verified: August 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: sleep; children; insomnia
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Behavioral Symptoms; Problem Behavior
• Other Study ID Numbers: 09.2021.489

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No