Examination of the Pressure Ulcers in Intensive Care Patients.

The Frequency of Pressure Ulcers In 3rd Level Intensive Care Unıts And Determinatıon of Affectıng Risk Factors

A pressure sore was localized skin and/or subcutaneous tissue injury, usually caused by pressure alone or a combination of shear and pressure, at bony prominences. Pressure sores, which are an indicator of the quality of health care, increase mortality, morbidity and cost. Pressure ulcers are the most common problem in intensive care patients and should be prevented. In the literature, the incidence of pressure ulcers in intensive care patients is between 1-59.9%.

A pressure sore is a localized injury to the skin and/or underlying soft tissue, usually over a bony prominence or associated with medical or other devices. This injury occurs when intense and/or prolonged pressure or pressure is accompanied by shear. Soft tissue tolerance to pressure and shear; temperature and humidity can affect nutrition, perfusion, concomitant conditions, and condition of soft tissue.

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of pressure ulcers and influencing factors in patients hospitalized in the 3rd level intensive care unit of a university hospital.

Design: It is a descriptive, prospective, observational type study. Materials and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 176 patients aged 18 years and above, 24 hours after hospitalization in the intensive care units of a University Hospital. Patient Information Form and Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk, Glasgow Coma Scale were used to collecting data. Statistical Package in statistical analysis for the social sciences 20.0 program was used.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Pressure Ulcer; Nurse's Role; İntensive Care

Detailed Description

Due to the renovation initiated in the intensive care units, the work was started in November 2019, but the working time was extended due to the Covid 19 pandemic that developed immediately after. The sample of the study consisted of patients who met the inclusion criteria and accepted participation, among the patients who were hospitalized on Wednesday, which was determined as the middle of each week, between November 2019 and February 2021 in the 3rd-level intensive care units of a university hospital.

Data Collection: "Personal Information Form" prepared by the researcher as a result of the literature review for data collection, "Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk" for evaluating pressure ulcers, "Glasgow Coma Score" for evaluating patient's consciousness status, and ulcer used by National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel and European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel staging classification was used.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 176

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Adana
    • Kocaeli, Adana, Turkey, 41275
      • Kocaeli Healt and Tecnology University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 92 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients hospitalized in 3rd level intensive care units

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• over 18 years old
• Hospitalized in the 3rd step intensive care unit
• Being hospitalized for at least 24 hours
• No pressure ulcers on the first hospitalization

Exclusion Criteria:

• hospitalization time not exceeding 24 hours

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Data collection from patients	The sample of the study consisted of patients who were hospitalized in the tertiary intensive care unit of a university hospital between November 2019 and February 2021, who met the inclusion criteria and accepted to participate in the study. Data were collected from patients every Wednesday, which was determined as the middle of the week. Patients were evaluated with the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk. The total score of the scale varies between 6-23 points. As the scores obtained from the scale decrease, the risk of developing pressure ulcers increases. A scale score of 9 or less indicates a high risk, and a scale score of 19-23 indicates no risk. Data collection from each patient took 15 minutes.	15 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Kocaeli University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Refiye Akpolat, Kocaeli Healt and Tecnology University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 1, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 9, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 21, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): April 3, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 3, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 21, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Prevalence; Intensive Care Unit; Risk Factors; Pressure Ulcer
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Skin Diseases; Skin Ulcer; Ulcer; Pressure Ulcer
• Other Study ID Numbers: 0000-0001-8907-0651

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No