Screen CardRen - A Cross-sectional Observational Cohort Study

A Cross-sectional Observational Cohort Study to Evaluate the Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cardiac Structural Abnormalities and Cardiac Dysfunction in a Contemporary Outpatient at Risk Population With Chronic Kidney Disease

In this single-centre, cross-sectional study, the investigators aim to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic echocardiographic structural and functional cardiac abnormalities in adult CKD patients with additional cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, with the use of Olink technology, analyses of the plasma proteome will be performed to identify potential protein pathways associated with early structural changes.The investigators hypothesize that protein expression will be altered in patients with prevalent echocardiographic abnormalities that indicate stage B heart failure.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Heart Failure; Chronic Kidney Diseases
• Intervention / Treatment: Diagnostic test: Echocardiography

Detailed Description

Background/Rationale:

Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease share a large set of risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. Chronic kidney disease, even in early stages, further increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure.

Objectives and Hypotheses:

In this single-centre, cross-sectional study, the investigators will aim to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic echocardiographic structural and functional cardiac abnormalities in adult CKD patients with additional cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, with the use of Olink technology, analyses of the plasma proteome will be performed to identify potential protein pathways associated with early structural changes. The investigators hypothesize that protein expression will be altered in patients with prevalent echocardiographic abnormalities that indicate stage B heart failure.

Methods:

Study design: single-centre, cross-sectional, non-interventional study Data Source(s): electronic case report form containing patient history, clinical status and physical examination, imaging data from echocardiography, air displacement plethysmography data, plasma proteome data obtained from Olink technology-based analysis of blood samples Study Population: Adult chronic kidney disease patients with additional cardiovascular risk factors (at least one of the following: arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidaemia). The inclusion criteria are further defined in the corresponding section of the study protocol.

Exposure(s): chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk factors such as arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, or atherosclerotic vascular disease

Outcome(s):

Primary objective:

• Assess the frequency of stage B heart failure as indicated by structural or functional cardiac abnormalities assessed by echocardiography and/or corresponding laboratory parameters

Secondary objectives:

• Identification of possible predictive parameters for significant cardiac dysfunction (Heart Failure Stage B) in a contemporary at risk cohort with renal dysfunction, based on imaging and proteomics data
• Building of the Berlin-Brandenburg prevention network to improve the intersectional cooperation to identify, diagnose and follow-up risk patients
• Establishment of tools like US.2 AI, electronic health records, central data management in order to enable a fast construction while working resource-friendly
• Follow-up of risk patients based on mobile sensors/apps
• Adoption of screening in standard care Sample Size Estimations: The study is focused on the estimation of the prevalence of significant asymptomatic cardiac structural abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction in a contemporary at risk cohort with chronic kidney disease. Therefore, the investigators will calculate the corresponding two-sided 95% confidence interval. With a sample size of 400 patients, a two-sided 95% confidence interval for an assumed prevalence of 30% can be determined with an extension of ± 4%.

Statistical Analysis:

Objectives will be analyzed according to their scaling and distribution characteristics, including appropriate descriptive location and variability parameters and 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, multiple regression analyses will be performed in order to identify potential risk factors for significant cardiac dysfunction.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 400

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Daniela Zurkan; Phone Number: +49 30 450 665 374; Email: daniela.zurkan@dhzc-charite.de
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Friederike Fenske; Phone Number: +49 30 450 653 782; Email: friederike.fenske@dhzc-charite.de

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population will comprise 400 adult patients with chronic kidney disease, defined as elevated urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR > 30 mg/g or >3 mg/mmol) or reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m²) at a one-time measurement.

In addition to renal function impairment, study participants will either have a background of cardiovascular risk factors, including arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypercholesterolemia.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Chronic Kidney Disease, stages G1-G4, AND

• Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as determined by the 2009 CKD-EPI Cr equation ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m², if UACR ≥30 mg/g (≥3 mg/mmol) OR
• eGFR according to CKD-EPI 2009 Cr equation < 60 ml/min/1.73m², but > 15 ml/min/1.73m²

Diabetes mellitus type 2 OR

• Pathological findings in oral glucose tolerance test (≥ 200 mg/dl (2h)) OR
• documented HbA1c ≥ 6.5 % OR
• Intake of any antidiabetic medication (in case of previously established diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus type 2) OR
• Fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl

Arterial Hypertension Grade ≥ 1 OR

• Blood pressure of ≥ 140/90 mmHg, defined according to the 2018 ESC guidelines on arterial hypertension (Williams) OR
• Intake of antihypertensive drugs

Hypercholesterolemia OR

• LDL-cholesterol > 130mg/dl OR
• Intake of a lipid-lowering medication initiated to treat dyslipoptroteinemia

Exclusion Criteria:

History of acute kidney injury > stage 1 according to KDIGO criteria in the two weeks prior to study visit

• Chronic kidney disease Stage 5 (end-stage renal disease)
• Previous diagnosis of chronic heart failure
• Acute myocardial infarction in the past 30 days prior to study visit
• Stroke in the past 30 days prior to study visit
• Known congenital heart disease
• Previous diagnosis of a specific cardiomyopathy, infiltrative cardiac disease, pericardial constriction, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis and other storage diseases
• Implanted cardiac devices, such as pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, cardiac resynchronization devices
• Implanted mechanical valve prosthesis
• Inability to give informed consent
• Lack of health insurance
• Organ transplanted
• Intake of immunosuppressive medication
• Major surgery in the 6 months before study visit, such as cardiac bypass surgery or valve replacement surgery (thoracotomy), major vascular surgery (such as replacement of aortic root, ascending part, aortic arch or any part of the abdominal aorta), major abdominal surgery (e.g. Whipple procedure, colorectal resection, gastrectomy and others) or limb amputation

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
prevalence of significant asymptomatic cardiac structural abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction	Transthoracic echocardiographic measurements are the primary outcome parameters and will be conducted according to the current recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification of the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, the latest update on left ventricular diastolic function assessment and recommendations on aortic stenosis quantification.	1 year
Proteomic analysis	Proteomic analysis will be performed using Olink technology, which is based on proximity extension assay (PEA) technology combined with next generation sequencing. This method has demonstrated accuracy and sensitivity in detecting minute quantities of proteins (sub-pg/ml), making it suitable for conducting extensive multiplex assays covering a wide dynamic range. In this study, plasma samples	1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Duration of echocardiographic examination	The duration of echocardiographic examination as mean, median, standard deviation, quantiles and range in comparison between portable and cart-based device	1 year
Time saved by portable echocardiography and automated image analysis	Amount of time savings in minutes as mean, median, standard deviation, quantiles and range in comparison between portable device and automated image analysis, potential impact on waiting period for patients requiring echocardiography	1 year
Image quality of cart-based vs. portable echo images	The number of echocardiographic examinations with acceptable image quality as frequencies and percentages in comparison between devices	1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Charite University, Berlin, Germany
• Collaborators: AstraZeneca
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Frank Edelmann, Prof. Dr., Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): March 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 27, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 5, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): February 22, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 23, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 22, 2024
• Last Verified: February 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Urologic Diseases; Disease Attributes; Renal Insufficiency; Chronic Disease; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Kidney Diseases; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20021405

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No