Comparing Shoulder Stretching and Percussive Massage on Shoulder Rotation and Attack Speed in Female Volleyball Players

Comparison of the Effects of Shoulder Stretching Exercise and Percussive Massage Treatment on Shoulder Rotation Movements and Attack Speed in Female Volleyball Players

This study aims to investigate the acute effects of PNF modified sleeper stretches and percussive massage treatment on shoulder rotation movements and attack speed in female volleyball players and compare these applications.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sports Physical Therapy
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching; Device: The Percussive Massage Treatment

Detailed Description

56 female volleyball players will randomized into 2 groups of 28 people each. In the evaluations conducted on the participants, rotational normal joint movements of the athletes will be measured using a digital inclinometer. The spike velocities of the athletes will be determined using a sports radar (Sports Radar 3300, Sports Electronics Inc, Washington, D.C. USA.). Participants will be randomly divided into two different groups consisting of 28 individuals each. The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Group (PNFG) participants will undergo one session of PNF posterior shoulder stretching exercise in the modified sleeper position. The Percussive Massage Treatment Group (PMTG) participants will receive a 5-minute massage on the posterior deltoid area. Evaluations will be repeated three times before the applications, immediately after, and 30 minutes post-application and the effects of different applications will be compared through analysis.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 56
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Balçova
    • İzmir, Balçova, Turkey, 35340
      • Dokuz Eylul University, School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being a volleyball player
• Age between 14 and 40 years

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of shoulder pain
• History of fracture and surgery in the shoulder girdle
• Presence of systemic musculoskeletal disease
• Presence of glenohumeral instability (Positive apprehension, relocation, or subluxation test)
• Pain in the cervical region with upper extremity movements
• Experiencing shoulder problems requiring medical treatment within the last year

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching; Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Group participants will undergo one session of PNF posterior shoulder stretching exercise in the modified sleeper position.	Behavioral: The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching; Among the PNF stretching techniques, the muscle-relaxation technique will be applied. The athlete will be positioned in a side-lying posture on the treatment table with the dominant shoulder in the modified sleeper position, ensuring stabilization of the scapula on the table. The other arm will be positioned in extension along the body with the palm facing upwards. The participant will be instructed to actively bring the arm of the lower limb to the physiological barrier of internal rotation. At this point, they will be asked to perform maximum isometric contraction in external rotation for 7 seconds. After the isometric contraction, the muscle will be relaxed, and active-assisted stretching will be applied in internal rotation for 15 seconds. A 5-second rest will be provided between repetitions, and the exercise will consist of 5 repetitions.
Experimental: The Percussive Massage Treatment; The Percussive Massage Treatment Group participants will receive a 5-minute massage on the posterior deltoid area.	Device: The Percussive Massage Treatment; In the group where regional vibration is applied, the Hypervolt™ vibrating massage device (HYPERICE Inc, US) will be used. This device is a vibration device with five different speed settings, vibrating at 3,200 percussions per minute (HYPERICE Inc. 'Hypervolt' device. Retrieved from https://hyperice.com/hypervolt-bluetooth, Accessed on: 08.12.2021). The device offers five different head attachment options. For this study, the ball attachment option will be selected as it is the least aggressive option, and the vibration from the device will be applied to the relevant muscle body (Kayoda, 2019). For facilitatory effect, the application will be performed on the posterior deltoid for 5 minutes at a low frequency.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Shoulder internal rotation range of motion	Change of shoulder internal rotation range of motion (with a digital inclinometer)	baseline measurements, 5 minutes and 30 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Attack Speed	Change of attack speed of the volleyball players (with a radar gun)	baseline measurements, 5 minutes and 30 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Dokuz Eylul University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Sevgi Sevi Yeşilyaprak, PhD, Dokuz Eylul University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 10, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): July 12, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 5, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 5, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): March 12, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 15, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 12, 2024
• Last Verified: July 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 7978-GOA

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No