Passive Static Stretching and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Musculoskeletal Aspects

Comparison of Four Weeks of Passive Static Stretching and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) in Musculoskeletal Aspects of the Hamstrings: a Randomized Controlled Trial

This study investigates the influence of two different stretching techniques on the flexibility of the muscles that are in the posterior thigh, after a training period.

The study will last for six weeks where the volunteers need to go to the lab twice for evaluation, and for four weeks, three times a week for the application of stretching training.

Evaluation before and after the training period consists of applying hip and knee flexibility tests, evaluation of strength, muscle activation and muscle architecture. The Flexibility tests are: (1) Straight Leg Raise Flexibility Test (SLR), where the volunteer will be positioned supine on a stretcher. Then the appraiser will perform hip flexion keeping the knee extended and relaxed foot to the angle at which the person refer discomfort while the contralateral limb remain firmly leaning on the table; (2) Modified Passive knee extension (TEJ), where the volunteer will be positioned supine on a stretcher. The assessor shall determine the hip member to be rated at 90º and perform knee extension to the angle at which the person refer discomfort. The contralateral limb remain firmly leaning on the table.

For the evaluation of muscle strength the volunteer had sat on equipment, makes five repetitions of bending and straightening the knee to familiarize yourself with the equipment and after will make other five replicates doing maximum strength.

To evaluate the electrical activity will be the depilation of the skin with a razor and cleaning with an alcohol swab after adhesive electrodes will be placed for collection of muscle activity, the electrodes do not emit shocks.

The muscle architecture will be assessed via a ultrasound , to its use the use of a water soluble gel to improve the machine's skin contact is required.

For the intervention, the stretching will be held in both legs, where the volunteer will remain lying on a stretcher with fixed trunk with velcro straps and the researcher will carry out the elongation raising the leg drawn to the moment of discomfort the volunteer will refer and will remain for 30 seconds (s) in case he belongs to passive static stretching group, if the stretching group of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, will be in the same position, but before the 30s of stretching, he you will have to push against during 6s to lower leg against the researcher.

If he belongs to the control group, have only two trips to the laboratory for testing, will make an initial assessment and after four weeks will return to perform the tests again, in the period between assessments will not need to go to the lab because it does not make intervention elongation.

It is possible that there discomfort during flexibility testing, strength testing and stretching training. After the tests can still experience muscle pain should disappear within 48 hours. The risks of research are minimal, not exceeding those of a strength training session and stretching.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Range of Motion; Flexibility
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Muscle Stretching Exercises

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 18
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 30 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female;
• Aged between 20 and 30 years;
• Be sedentary as classification of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ);
• Make Use of oral contraceptives;
• Body Mass Index range 18 to 24.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Provided history of musculoskeletal injury or surgery of the lower limbs;
• Provide continuous pain in the legs or lower back pain;
• Make use of painkillers, anti-inflammatory and / or muscle relaxant;
• Being in pregnancy;
• Present laxity ligament;
• Achieve zero degrees of extension in Knee Extension Test Modified.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control Group; Without intervention
Experimental: Static Group; Will receive passive static stretching in hamstring muscle	Other: Muscle Stretching Exercises; The training consists of a four-week program of passive stretching exercise with three times week/sessions with interval of 48 hours between them. Each session will consist of carrying out a single repetition of stretching exercise with 30s of duration, static or PNF, according to the group to which voluntary membership. The two lower members receive training but only the lower limb data drawn will be used for analysis.; Other Names: Passive Static Stretching; Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
Experimental: PNF Group; Will receive passive proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching in hamstring muscle	Other: Muscle Stretching Exercises; The training consists of a four-week program of passive stretching exercise with three times week/sessions with interval of 48 hours between them. Each session will consist of carrying out a single repetition of stretching exercise with 30s of duration, static or PNF, according to the group to which voluntary membership. The two lower members receive training but only the lower limb data drawn will be used for analysis.; Other Names: Passive Static Stretching; Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change of Range of motion	Flexibility of the hamstring muscles is defined as the range of motion achieved in the Straight Leg Raising Test and modified Knee Extension Test	Participants will be followed for the duration of stretching training, an average of six weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change of Force hamstring	Will be referred to as the peak torque (N.m.) isometric, concentric and eccentric isokinetic assessment with a dynamometer isokinetic.	Participants will be followed for the duration of stretching training, an average of six weeks
Change of Muscle electrical activation	Is defined as the value Root Mean Square (RMS) of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and biceps femoris obtained during the tests of muscular strength and flexibility through a Electromyograph.	Participants will be followed for the duration of stretching training, an average of six weeks
Change of Muscle Architecture	Will be represented through the issue of length and muscle thickness measured by ultrasound.	Participants will be followed for the duration of stretching training, an average of six weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): April 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 15, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 22, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): June 23, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): May 11, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 10, 2016
• Last Verified: June 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Static Stretching; Muscle Strength; Lower Extremity; Muscle Strength Dynamometer; Muscle Stretching Exercises; Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Stretching
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1.102.297