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Effect of Preoperative Prewarming on Serum Lactate Levels in Patients Undergoing Elective Nephrectomy

10. července 2026 aktualizováno: Beyzanur Aydoğdu

Effect of Preoperative Active Prewarming on Serum Lactate Levels and Perioperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Elective Nephrectomy: A Prospective Observational Study

The goal of this observational study is to learn whether warming patients before surgery, called "prewarming," affects blood lactate levels (a marker of how well tissues are getting oxygen) and recovery in adults having planned (elective) kidney removal surgery (nephrectomy).

The main questions this study aims to answer are:

  • Does prewarming lower the rise in blood lactate seen during and after surgery?
  • Does prewarming affect time spent in the intensive care unit (ICU), the need for a blood transfusion, or the rate of complications after surgery?

Researchers will compare two groups of adults having this surgery. One group receives brief active warming before anesthesia (the "prewarming" group). The other group does not receive this warming (the "control" group). The anesthesia team decides whether to use prewarming and for how long, as part of routine care; the study does not change this decision. Researchers will compare the two groups to see whether prewarming is linked to lower lactate levels and better recovery.

Participants will:

  • Receive their usual, routine surgery and anesthesia care
  • Have blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and blood tests, including lactate, checked before and after surgery, as already done in routine care
  • Have their ICU stay, need for blood transfusion, and any complications recorded

This study does not add any extra tests, procedures, or blood draws beyond routine clinical care.

Přehled studie

Postavení

Nábor

Podmínky

Intervence / Léčba

Detailní popis

Nephrectomy is a major surgical procedure, performed via open or laparoscopic approaches, that is associated with a substantial physiological stress response. Reduced tissue perfusion and increased anaerobic metabolism during major surgery can raise serum lactate levels, and maintaining perioperative metabolic stability is an important goal in these patients.

Prewarming refers to active warming of a patient's body surface before induction of anesthesia, with the aim of reducing intraoperative core-temperature drop and its downstream effects on tissue perfusion and oxygenation. Clinical practice regarding the use and duration of prewarming varies among anesthesiologists, and there is no fixed institutional protocol dictating whether, or for how long, it should be applied.

This is a prospective, single-center, observational study conducted over a one-year period. Consecutive adult patients undergoing elective nephrectomy who meet the eligibility criteria will be enrolled and followed as part of routine clinical care (see Eligibility Criteria for full details). Whether a given patient receives prewarming, and for how long (typically 10-15 minutes when used), is determined solely by the anesthesia team providing care in the operating room; the study does not intervene in this clinical decision or modify usual care in any way. Outcomes will be compared between patients who receive prewarming and those who do not.

For each patient, a range of preoperative and postoperative physiological and laboratory parameters is recorded as part of routine perioperative monitoring (see Outcome Measures for the specific parameters and their timing). In addition, length of stay in the intensive care unit, need for blood transfusion, and the occurrence and type of postoperative complications are documented. All data are obtained from existing anesthesia records, nursing charts, laboratory results, intensive care information systems, and patient files, and are transcribed onto a predefined case report form; the study does not add any invasive procedures, blood draws, or deviations from routine clinical protocol.

Continuous variables will be compared between the prewarming and control groups using the independent-samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate, and categorical variables will be compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Regression analysis will be used to examine associations between prewarming and outcomes. A p-value <0.05 will be considered statistically significant. A power analysis (G*Power v3.1.9.2), assuming a medium effect size (Cohen's d=0.5) for the primary between-group lactate comparison, indicated that at least 64 participants per group (128 total) would be needed to achieve 80% power at α=0.05.

Typ studie

Pozorovací

Zápis (Odhadovaný)

128

Kontakty a umístění

Tato část poskytuje kontaktní údaje pro ty, kteří studii provádějí, a informace o tom, kde se tato studie provádí.

Studijní místa

    • Sisli
      • Istanbul, Sisli, Turecko (Türkiye), 34384
        • Nábor
        • Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization
        • Kontakt:

Kritéria účasti

Výzkumníci hledají lidi, kteří odpovídají určitému popisu, kterému se říká kritéria způsobilosti. Některé příklady těchto kritérií jsou celkový zdravotní stav osoby nebo předchozí léčba.

Kritéria způsobilosti

Věk způsobilý ke studiu

  • Dospělý
  • Starší dospělý

Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky

Ne

Metoda odběru vzorků

Vzorek nepravděpodobnosti

Studijní populace

Adult patients aged 18-90 years, ASA I-III, undergoing elective nephrectomy (open or laparoscopic) at the study site, enrolled consecutively over a one-year period.

Popis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Scheduled for elective nephrectomy
  • Adults aged 18-90 years
  • ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status classification I-III
  • Signed informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Emergency nephrectomy
  • Concurrent additional major surgical procedure planned in the same session
  • Age under 18 or over 90 years
  • ASA physical status classification IV or higher
  • Incomplete preoperative records (missing pre- or postoperative measurement of at least one primary outcome variable)

Studijní plán

Tato část poskytuje podrobnosti o studijním plánu, včetně toho, jak je studie navržena a co studie měří.

Jak je studie koncipována?

Detaily designu

Kohorty a intervence

Skupina / kohorta
Intervence / Léčba
Prewarming Group
Patients who receive active preoperative warming, applied by the anesthesia team during operating room preparation, typically for approximately 10-15 minutes before induction of anesthesia, as part of routine clinical care.
Application of an active warming device to the patient's body surface during operating room preparation, before induction of anesthesia, for approximately 10-15 minutes at the discretion of the anesthesia team. The decision to apply prewarming, and its duration, follows routine clinical practice and is not standardized by the study protocol.
Ostatní jména:
  • Active preoperative warming
Control Group
Patients who do not receive active preoperative warming before induction of anesthesia, per the routine practice of the anesthesia team providing care. All patients receive standard intraoperative and postoperative warming per usual care.

Co je měření studie?

Primární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Change in Serum Lactate Concentration
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in serum lactate concentration from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery

Sekundární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Change in Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Changes in systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in Heart Rate
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in heart rate from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in Body Temperature
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in body temperature from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in Hemoglobin Level
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in hemoglobin concentration from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in Hematocrit
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in hematocrit from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in Serum Osmolality
Časové okno: From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Change in serum osmolality from the preoperative assessment to the postoperative assessment, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From the preoperative assessment to 24 hours after surgery
Length of Intensive Care Unit Stay
Časové okno: Up to 48 hours after surgery
Duration of stay in the intensive care unit, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
Up to 48 hours after surgery
Need for Blood Transfusion
Časové okno: During the first 48 hours after surgery
Proportion of patients requiring blood transfusion and the total number of units transfused during the first 48 hours after surgery, compared between the prewarming and control groups.
During the first 48 hours after surgery
Incidence of Postoperative Complications
Časové okno: From surgery to 24 hours after surgery
Presence and type of postoperative complications (respiratory, cardiac, renal, infectious, hematologic, or other), compared between the prewarming and control groups.
From surgery to 24 hours after surgery

Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé

Zde najdete lidi a organizace zapojené do této studie.

Sponzor

Termíny studijních záznamů

Tato data sledují průběh záznamů studie a předkládání souhrnných výsledků na ClinicalTrials.gov. Záznamy ze studií a hlášené výsledky jsou před zveřejněním na veřejné webové stránce přezkoumány Národní lékařskou knihovnou (NLM), aby se ujistily, že splňují specifické standardy kontroly kvality.

Hlavní termíny studia

Začátek studia (Aktuální)

15. listopadu 2025

Primární dokončení (Odhadovaný)

15. listopadu 2026

Dokončení studie (Odhadovaný)

15. listopadu 2026

Termíny zápisu do studia

První předloženo

7. července 2026

První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality

10. července 2026

První zveřejněno (Aktuální)

14. července 2026

Aktualizace studijních záznamů

Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)

14. července 2026

Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality

10. července 2026

Naposledy ověřeno

1. července 2026

Více informací

Termíny související s touto studií

Další identifikační čísla studie

  • CT-ERHO-AR-BA-03
  • E-48670771-514.99-293554897 (Jiný identifikátor: PROF. DR. CEMIL TASCIOGLU SEHİR HASTANESİ ETİK KURUL BİRİMİ)

Plán pro data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)

Plánujete sdílet data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)?

NE

Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty

Studuje lékový produkt regulovaný americkým FDA

Ne

Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA

Ne

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