Desensitization-Based Structured Intervention Program for Individuals With Stuttering
Examining the Effectiveness of a Desensitization-Based Structured Intervention Program for Individuals With Stuttering in Job Interviews
Přehled studie
Postavení
Postavení
Podmínky
Podmínky
Intervence / Léčba
Intervence / Léčba
Detailní popis
The structured therapy program designed for job interviews is planned for a total of 10 weeks, with pre-tests administered in the first week and post-tests in the last week. (Pre-test measurements will be taken in the 1st week, and post-test measurements in the 10th week.) Data collection will be conducted by the researcher through 40-50 minute individual therapy sessions once a week. Participants who approve the Informed Consent Form (Appendix 8) will be included in the study. Pre-test and post-test measurements will be collected via Google Forms, and the intervention program will be conducted face-to-face in the office in the 8th week, while the other weeks will be conducted online, in a hybrid format. A pilot application will be conducted before the main study begins. Job interviews in the 7th and 8th weeks will be conducted by an expert experienced in job interviews. After the intervention group completes the process, an accelerated program will be applied to the control group. While developing the content of the therapy, the literature was reviewed and desensitization-focused programs were examined (Hohulin and Sawyer, 2010; Çağlayan, 2024). Care was taken to ensure a systematic hierarchical structure in the development of the intervention, and the therapy content included desensitization strategies; education, voluntary stuttering, self-disclosure statements, gradual exposure, cognitive restructuring, scenario-based work, and role-playing exercises.
The program was finalized after obtaining expert opinions from 5 faculty members specializing in stuttering with at least 5 years of experience. The weekly general content plans for the therapies are presented below. WEEK 1:
- Taking pre-tests (via Google Forms) and providing information about the therapy process.
- Demographic Information Form
- Stuttering Frequency Measurement (400-syllable speech video recording sample)
- Internalized Stigma Scale
- Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale
- Interview Anxiety Scale
- Beck Depression Scale (The individual will complete the Beck Depression Scale for exclusion criteria.)
- Beck Anxiety Scale (The individual will complete the Beck Anxiety Scale for exclusion criteria.)
WEEK 2:
- Providing information about stuttering (types of stuttering, frequency, prevalence, causes, effects of stuttering in adulthood), working on desensitization strategies to training strategies, and supporting the individual in gaining awareness. - Identifying the individual's stuttering moments and types. Talking about their stuttering.
WEEK 3:
- Discussing career stages and job interviews. (Definitions, content, etc.)
- Discussing the effects of target variables (fear of negative evaluation, anxiety in selection interviews, self-stigma, frequency of stuttering) on job interviews.
WEEK 4:
- Discussing SWOT analysis and conducting individual analysis.
- Based on the results of the analysis, conducting studies on cognitive restructuring strategies from desensitization strategies.
WEEK 5:
- Practicing with different employer models, both supportive and challenging, created by the researcher.
- Prioritizing role-playing exercises from desensitization strategies; defining and incorporating strategies such as self-disclosure, acceptance of stuttering, and voluntary stuttering.
WEEK 6:
- Meeting and chatting with an individual who stutters and has job interview experience via the Google Meet platform.
WEEK 7:
- Conducting a job interview over the phone. (by an experienced interviewer using a standard question list)
Planned questions:
"Could you tell us a little about yourself?" "Could you briefly summarize your education and career path?" "What are your strengths?" "What are your areas for improvement?" "How do you cope when faced with a difficult situation? Can you share an example?" "What are your expectations from the job and from us?" "Where do you see yourself in five years?"
WEEK 8:
Conducting a face-to-face job interview. (by an experienced interviewer using a standard question list)
Planned questions: "Could you tell us a little about yourself?" "Could you briefly summarize your education and career path?" "What are your strengths?" "What are your areas for improvement?" "How do you cope when faced with a difficult situation? If you have an example from your own experience, can you share it?" "What are your expectations from work and from us?" "Where do you see yourself in five years?"
WEEK 9:
Discussion with the participant about the intervention process conducted in previous weeks.
A conversation about how they evaluate their desensitization experiences and the termination of the therapy process.
WEEK 10:
Taking final test measurements. (Stuttering Frequency, Internalized Stigma Scale, Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, Interview Anxiety Scale, Social Validity Form)
These are the measurements taken.
Typ studie
Typ studie
Zápis (Odhadovaný)
Zápis
Fáze
Fáze
- Nelze použít
Kontakty a umístění
Studijní kontakt
Studijní kontakt
- Jméno: DİLARA BAŞER, MSc
- Telefonní číslo: +905454546954
- E-mail: dilara.baser@fbu.edu.tr
Studijní místa
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Istanbul
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Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turecko (Türkiye), 34758
- Nábor
- Fenerbahce
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Kontakt:
- DİLARA BAŞER, Master
- Telefonní číslo: +90 545 454 69 54
- E-mail: dilara.baser@fbu.edu.tr
-
Kontakt:
- SEMA UZ HASIRCI, PhD
- Telefonní číslo: +90 545 605 59 09
- E-mail: sema.uzhasirci@bakircay.edu.tr
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-
Kritéria účasti
Kritéria způsobilosti
Kritéria způsobilosti
Věk způsobilý ke studiu
- Dospělý
Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky
Popis
Inclusion Criteria:
- Aged 18-35,
- Having had at least one job interview before,
- Not actively receiving speech and language therapy support,
- Having a stuttering frequency of 3% or higher
Exclusion Criteria:
- Lacking an ethical statement
- Above-average results on Beck Depression and Beck Anxiety Inventories
Studijní plán
Jak je studie koncipována?
Detaily designu
- Primární účel: Léčba
- Přidělení: Nerandomizované
- Intervenční model: Paralelní přiřazení
- Maskování: Žádné (otevřený štítek)
Počet zbraní
Zbraně a zásahy
Skupina účastníků / ArmSkupina účastníků / Arm |
Intervence / LéčbaIntervence / Léčba |
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Experimentální: Experimental
Participants will receive the structured desensitization-based job interview intervention program.
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Participants will receive a structured desensitization-based job interview intervention program consisting of eight weekly individual sessions.
The program includes psychoeducation about stuttering and job interview processes, identification of anxiety-provoking situations, cognitive restructuring, voluntary stuttering, graded exposure through simulated job interviews, and individualized feedback.
The intervention aims to reduce job interview anxiety and improve communication confidence and interview performance in adults who stutter.
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Žádný zásah: Control
Participants will not receive any intervention during the study period and will complete the same evaluation program.
Following the study proposal and subsequent analysis, the program will be implemented within the framework of freedom and ethical values.
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Co je měření studie?
Primární výstupní opatření
Primární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
|---|---|---|
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Stuttering frequency
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0) and Week 10
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Change in stuttering frequency calculated from standardized speech samples.
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Baseline (Week 0) and Week 10
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ANXIETY IN SELECTION INTERVIEWS
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0) and immediately after completion of the 10-week intervention (Week 10)
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MEASURE OF ANXIETY IN SELECTION INTERVIEWS (MASI)
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Baseline (Week 0) and immediately after completion of the 10-week intervention (Week 10)
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fear of negative evaluation
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0) and immediately after completion of the 10-week intervention (Week 10)
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Change in fear of negative evaluation measured using the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE).
Higher scores indicate greater fear of negative evaluation.
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Baseline (Week 0) and immediately after completion of the 10-week intervention (Week 10)
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self-stigma
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0) and immediately after completion of the 10-week intervention (Week 10)
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Change in self-stigma related to stuttering measured using the Self-Stigma of Stuttering Scale (4S-TR).
Higher scores indicate greater self-stigma.
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Baseline (Week 0) and immediately after completion of the 10-week intervention (Week 10)
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Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé
Sponzor
Sponzor
Publikace a užitečné odkazy
Obecné publikace
- Yairi E, Ambrose N. Epidemiology of stuttering: 21st century advances. J Fluency Disord. 2013 Jun;38(2):66-87. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2012.11.002. Epub 2012 Nov 27.
- Schloss PJ, Espin CA, Smith MA, Suffolk DR. Developing assertiveness during employment interviews with young adults who stutter. J Speech Hear Disord. 1987 Feb;52(1):30-6. doi: 10.1044/jshd.5201.30.
- Hohulin, A. C. ve Sawyer, J. 2010. "An Employment Interview Desensitization Program Addressing the Speech, Attitudes, and Avoidance Behaviors of People Who Stutter", Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders, 20(2), 33-41.
Užitečné odkazy
Termíny studijních záznamů
Hlavní termíny studia
Začátek studia (Aktuální)
Začátek studia
Primární dokončení (Odhadovaný)
Primární dokončení
Dokončení studie (Odhadovaný)
Dokončení studie
Termíny zápisu do studia
První předloženo
První předloženo
První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality
První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality
První zveřejněno (Aktuální)
První zveřejněno
Aktualizace studijních záznamů
Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)
Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace
Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality
Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality
Naposledy ověřeno
Naposledy ověřeno
Více informací
Termíny související s touto studií
Klíčová slova
Další relevantní podmínky MeSH
Další identifikační čísla studie
Další identifikační čísla studie
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