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Thrower's Ten Versus Conventional Conditioning in Amateur Discus Throwers

25. srpna 2026 aktualizováno: Mohamed Sahal, Saveetha University

Association of Thrower's Ten Conditioning With Changes in Throwing Distance and Shoulder Strength in Amateur Male Discus Throwers: a Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective observational study compares the association of Thrower's Ten training and conventional conditioning with throwing performance and shoulder muscle strength in amateur male discus throwers. The study uses previously completed training and performance records from athletes who participated in one of two conditioning programmes. Throwing distance and shoulder muscle strength were assessed at baseline, during the training period, and at the end of the training period. The primary outcome is change in discus-throwing distance. Secondary outcomes include changes in shoulder muscle strength. The study aims to determine whether athletes who participated in the Thrower's Ten programme showed different changes in throwing performance and shoulder strength compared with athletes who participated in conventional conditioning.

Přehled studie

Postavení

Dokončeno

Podmínky

Intervence / Léčba

Detailní popis

This is a retrospective observational comparative study evaluating previously completed training records of amateur male discus throwers. The study compares athletes who participated in a Thrower's Ten-based conditioning programme with athletes who participated in conventional conditioning. Participant allocation to the training programmes was not performed prospectively according to a research randomization protocol; programme assignment was primarily related to scheduling and facility availability.

The analysis includes athletes for whom complete records were available for the relevant assessment time points. The primary outcome is discus-throwing distance. Secondary outcomes comprise shoulder muscle strength measured using manual muscle testing. Outcome assessments were available at baseline and subsequent assessment points during the training period, including the end-of-training assessment.

The primary analysis evaluates differences in the pattern of change over time between the two training groups using a mixed-design analysis of variance, with the time-by-group interaction representing the principal longitudinal comparison. Multiple outcomes were considered and a Bonferroni-adjusted significance threshold was applied. Difference-in-change estimates and confidence intervals were also calculated. Exploratory covariate-adjusted sensitivity analyses were performed for selected outcomes.

Because the study is based on previously completed records, the findings represent associations between participation in the respective training programmes and changes in throwing performance and shoulder strength. The study does not establish that the Thrower's Ten exercise content alone caused the observed differences. Differences in programme progression and unmeasured training factors, including throwing volume, may have contributed to the observed results.

The study is intended to provide preliminary evidence regarding the relationship between a structured Thrower's Ten-based conditioning programme and performance-related outcomes in amateur male discus throwers and to inform future prospective controlled studies.

Typ studie

Pozorovací

Zápis (Aktuální)

32

Kontakty a umístění

Tato část poskytuje kontaktní údaje pro ty, kteří studii provádějí, a informace o tom, kde se tato studie provádí.

Studijní místa

    • Tamil Nadu
      • Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Indie, 602105
        • Saveetha Medical College and Hospital [SMCH]

Kritéria účasti

Výzkumníci hledají lidi, kteří odpovídají určitému popisu, kterému se říká kritéria způsobilosti. Některé příklady těchto kritérií jsou celkový zdravotní stav osoby nebo předchozí léčba.

Kritéria způsobilosti

Věk způsobilý ke studiu

  • Dospělý

Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky

Ano

Metoda odběru vzorků

Vzorek nepravděpodobnosti

Studijní populace

Amateur male discus throwers aged 18-25 years whose previously completed training and performance records were available for retrospective analysis. Participants belonged to either the Thrower's Ten conditioning cohort or the conventional conditioning cohort.

Popis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male amateur discus throwers aged 18-25 years.
  • Participants who participated in either the Thrower's Ten conditioning programme or the conventional conditioning programme.
  • Participants with the required baseline, Week 4, and Week 8 outcome records available for analysis.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participants with incomplete outcome records required for the analysis.
  • Participants who did not complete the required training programme or assessment schedule.

Studijní plán

Tato část poskytuje podrobnosti o studijním plánu, včetně toho, jak je studie navržena a co studie měří.

Jak je studie koncipována?

Detaily designu

Kohorty a intervence

Skupina / kohorta
Intervence / Léčba
Thrower's Ten Conditioning Group
Amateur male discus throwers who participated in the Thrower's Ten-based conditioning programme. The cohort was identified retrospectively from previously completed training records. Outcomes included discus-throwing distance and shoulder muscle strength assessed at the available study time points.
An 8-week Thrower's Ten conditioning program for amateur male discus throwers, consisting of supervised shoulder strengthening and flexibility exercises performed 3 sessions per week for 30 minutes per session. The program was based on the Thrower's Ten exercise series and incorporated progressive resistance during the training period. The program was administered as part of the athletes' routine conditioning.
Conventional Conditioning Group
Amateur male discus throwers who participated in the conventional conditioning programme. The cohort was identified retrospectively from previously completed training records. Outcomes included discus-throwing distance and shoulder muscle strength assessed at the available study time points.
An 8-week conventional conditioning program consisting of shoulder strengthening and flexibility exercises, including prone horizontal abduction, horizontal abduction at 90° external rotation, side-lying external rotation, standing row, military press, towel stretch, crossover arm stretch, and sleeper stretch. Training was performed 3 sessions per week for 30 minutes per session. Progression in the conventional cohort was determined at the discretion of the trainer.

Co je měření studie?

Primární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Discus-Throwing Distance
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Discus-throwing distance measured in metres. Athletes performed three legal discus throws following a standardised warm-up, with 1-2 minutes of rest between attempts. The longest valid throw was recorded. Two trained evaluators independently identified the initial ground-contact point and measured the throwing distance using a standard measuring tape.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8

Sekundární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Isometric Shoulder Flexor Muscle Strength
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder flexor muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder Extensor Muscle Strength
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder extensor muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder Abductor Muscle Strength
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder abductor muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder Internal Rotator Muscle Strength
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder internal rotator muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder External Rotator Muscle Strength
Časové okno: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder external rotator muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8

Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé

Zde najdete lidi a organizace zapojené do této studie.

Sponzor

Vyšetřovatelé

  • Vrchní vyšetřovatel: Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

Publikace a užitečné odkazy

Osoba odpovědná za zadávání informací o studiu tyto publikace poskytuje dobrovolně. Mohou se týkat čehokoli, co souvisí se studiem.

Obecné publikace

Termíny studijních záznamů

Tato data sledují průběh záznamů studie a předkládání souhrnných výsledků na ClinicalTrials.gov. Záznamy ze studií a hlášené výsledky jsou před zveřejněním na veřejné webové stránce přezkoumány Národní lékařskou knihovnou (NLM), aby se ujistily, že splňují specifické standardy kontroly kvality.

Hlavní termíny studia

Začátek studia (Aktuální)

1. září 2025

Primární dokončení (Aktuální)

27. září 2025

Dokončení studie (Aktuální)

20. října 2025

Termíny zápisu do studia

První předloženo

19. srpna 2026

První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality

19. srpna 2026

První zveřejněno (Aktuální)

25. srpna 2026

Aktualizace studijních záznamů

Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)

27. srpna 2026

Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality

25. srpna 2026

Naposledy ověřeno

1. srpna 2026

Více informací

Termíny související s touto studií

Další identifikační čísla studie

  • 028/10/2024/ISRB/UGSR/SCPT

Plán pro data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)

Plánujete sdílet data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)?

NE

Popis plánu IPD

Individual participant-level data will not be shared publicly because the study involves retrospective analysis of participant records and sharing individual-level data may compromise participant confidentiality and privacy. De-identified aggregate results are reported in the manuscript. Data may be made available in accordance with institutional policies and applicable ethical and data-protection requirements upon reasonable request.

Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty

Studuje lékový produkt regulovaný americkým FDA

Ne

Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA

Ne

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