Immune activation of Bio-Germanium in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 130 human subjects: Therapeutic opportunities from new insights

Jung Min Cho, Jisuk Chae, Sa Rang Jeong, Min Jung Moon, Dong Yeob Shin, Jong Ho Lee, Jung Min Cho, Jisuk Chae, Sa Rang Jeong, Min Jung Moon, Dong Yeob Shin, Jong Ho Lee

Abstract

[NCT03677921]; www.clinicaltrials.gov [KCT0002726]; https://cris.nih.go.kr.

Conflict of interest statement

This work was supported by the New Drug Discovery Fund of Geranti Pharmaceutical and was supervised by a contract research organization (CRO, NeoNutra Co., Ltd). This financial support does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE’s policies concerning sharing data and materials. The funder had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. In particular, the funder never invited, offered or guaranteed opportunities in employment, consultancy, patent registration, product development or any other related capacities to any of the authors of this study. The CRO supervised and managed with strict vigilance all stages of the clinical trial process to ensure that the laws, regulations and international standards designed for data integrity were maintained.

Figures

Fig 1. Flow diagram of subject randomization.
Fig 1. Flow diagram of subject randomization.
1 Completed the clinical trial without major protocol violations.
Fig 2. Comparison of NK cell cytotoxicity…
Fig 2. Comparison of NK cell cytotoxicity Δ values before and after supplementation.
The data represent the mean ± standard error. Δ represents the change from baseline at follow-up. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 values were derived from adjusted baseline ANCOVA for Δ between groups.
Fig 3. Comparison of immunoglobulin G1, G2…
Fig 3. Comparison of immunoglobulin G1, G2 and M Δ values before and after supplementation.
The data represent the mean ± standard error. Δ represents the change from baseline at follow-up. *P<0.05 value was derived from an independent t-test for Δ between groups.

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