Active two-channel 0.035'' guidewire for interventional cardiovascular MRI

Ozgur Kocaturk, Ann H Kim, Christina E Saikus, Michael A Guttman, Anthony Z Faranesh, Cengizhan Ozturk, Robert J Lederman, Ozgur Kocaturk, Ann H Kim, Christina E Saikus, Michael A Guttman, Anthony Z Faranesh, Cengizhan Ozturk, Robert J Lederman

Abstract

Purpose: To develop an "active" (receiver-coil) clinical-grade guidewire with enhanced visibility for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and favorable mechanical characteristics for interventional MRI procedures that require conspicuous intravascular instruments distinguishable from surrounding tissues.

Materials and methods: We designed a 0.035-inch guidewire combining two antenna designs on separate channels. A loop antenna visualizes the tip and a dipole antenna visualizes the whole shaft. We compared mechanical characteristics of this guidewire with x-ray alternatives and tested MRI performance at 1.5T in vitro and in vivo in swine.

Results: Images reflected tip position within 0.97 +/- 0.42 mm and afforded whole-shaft visibility under expected conditions without sacrificing device size or handling. We report tip stiffness, torquability, and pushability comparable to commercial interventional guidewires.

Conclusion: Our clinical-grade 0.035-inch active guidewire is conspicuous under MRI and has mechanical performance comparable to x-ray interventional guidewires. This may enable a range of interventional procedures using real-time MRI.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

OK is an inventor in patent applications for active catheter designs assigned to the National Institutes of Health.

(c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Guidewire schematic: (1) solenoid coil, (2) micro coax cable, (3) nitinol rod, (4) nitinol hypotube. (b) Prototype with dedicated tuning/decoupling circuitry for each channel.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative MRI. (a) The long solenoid coil creates bright dots (red) at each end; the shaft is reconstructed on a separate channel (green). (b) Transfemoral guidewire in phantom aortic arch. Tip (arrow) deflection does not alter signal. (c) Transfemoral guidewire in vivo in brachiocephalic artery. Crosstalk is evident with surrounding tissue.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Pushability test setup. A load cell (arrow) measures resistance during servo-motorized guidewire advancement. (b) Measured tip resistance force while bending from (1) 1 cm away (2) 3 cm (3) 5 cm (4) 10 cm away from the distal tip.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Resistance force during guidewire insertion from femoral-to-subclavian vein and (b) femoral-crossover-femoral vein in an ex vivo phantom.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Temperature change during real-time MRI at different guidewire insertion lengths into a phantom.

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Source: PubMed

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