Effects of Supervised Exercise-Based Telerehabilitation on Walk Test Performance and Quality of Life in Patients in India With Chronic Disease: Combatting Covid-19
Jaini Patel, Barry A Franklin, Disha Pujary, Gagandeep Kaur, Ankita Deodhar, Sakshi Kharbanda, Aashish Contractor, Jaini Patel, Barry A Franklin, Disha Pujary, Gagandeep Kaur, Ankita Deodhar, Sakshi Kharbanda, Aashish Contractor
Abstract
Background: The world is currently undergoing a pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19). According to the World Health Organization, patients with chronic illnesses appear to be at the highest risk for COVID-19 associated sequelae. Inability to participate in outpatient-based rehabilitation programs and being home-bound can increase the risk for and potential worsening of chronic health conditions. This study evaluated the short-term effects of telerehabilitation on patients' walk test performance and health related quality of life (HRQoL).
Methods: 47 patients (23 cardiovascular, 15 pulmonary, 9 oncology) participated in the telerehabilitation program. At baseline and following a 1-month intervention, patients had their 6-minute walk test distance (6MWTD) and HRQoL assessed. Average daily step counts were measured by the PACER App.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that a short-term, supervised virtual telerehabilitation program had significant positive effects on 6MWTD and HRQoL in cardiac, pulmonary and oncology patients during COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19; Chronic disease conditions; Health related quality of life (HRQoL); Physical fitness; Six-minute Walk Test; Telerehabilitation.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Copyright © 2021 Jaini Patel, Barry A. Franklin, Disha Pujary, Gagandeep Kaur, Ankita Deodhar, Sakshi Kharbanda, Aashish Contractor.
References
- Althoff, T., Sosič, R., Hicks, J., King, A., Delp, S., & Leskovec, J. (2017). Large-scale physical activity data reveal worldwide activity inequality. Nature, 547(7663), 336–339. 10.1038/nature23018
- Anderson, L, S. G. (2017). Home-based versus centre-based cardiac rehabilitation (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 6(6), Art. No.: CD007130.(6), CD007130. 10.1002/14651858.CD007130.pub4.
- Association, P. A.-C., & Manitoba, C. o. (2018, April). Telerehabilitation Resource Guide.
- Babu, A., Arena, R., Ozemek, C., & Lavie, C. (2020). COVID-19: A time for alternate models in cardiac rehabilitation to take center stage. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 36(6), 792–794. 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.04.023.
- Beevi, F., Miranda, J., Pedersen, C., & Wagner, S. (2015). An evaluation of commercial pedometers for monitoring slow walking speed populations. Telemedicine Journal and E-Health, 22(5), 9(e1), 441–449. 10.1089/tmj.2015.0120
- Chan, C., Yamabayashi, C., Syed, N., Kirkham, A., & Camp, P. (2016). Exercise telemonitoring and telerehabilitation compared with traditional cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiotherapy Canada, 68(3), 242–251. 10.3138/ptc.2015-33
- Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B., & Lif, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sports and Health Science, 9(2), 103–104. 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
- Chow, N., Fleming-Dutra, K., Gierke, R., Hall, A., Hughes, M., Pilishvili, T., Ritchey, M., Roguski, K., Skoff, T., & Ussery, E. (2020). Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 — United States, February 12–March 28, 2020. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(13), 382–386. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2
- DiFrancisco-Donoghuea, J., Jung, M., Stangle, A., Werner, W., Zwibeld, H., Happel, P., & Balentine, J. (2018). Utilizing wearable technology to increase physical activity in future physicians: A randomized trial. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 122–127. 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.09.004
- Dinesen, B., Huniche, L., & Toft, E. (2013). Attitudes of COPD patients towards tele-rehabilitation: A cross-sector case study. International Journal of Environment Research and Public Health, 10(11), .
- Douma, J., Verheul, H., & Buffart, L. (2018). Feasibility, validity, and reliability of objective smartphone measurements of physical activity and fitness in patients with cancer. BMC Cancer, 18(1052), 10.1186/s12885-018-4983-4
- Durstine, J., Gordon, B., Wang, Z., & Luo, X. (2013). Chronic disease and the link to physical activity. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(1), 3–11. 10.1016/j.jshs.2012.07.009
- Fitbit News (2020, March). The impact of corona virus on global activity.
- Garg, S., Kim, L., Whitaker, M., O’Halloran, A., Cummings, C., Holstein, R., Prill, M., Chai, S. J., Kirley, P. D., Alden, N. D., Kawasaki, B., Yousey-Hindes, K., Niccolai, L., Anderson, E. J., Openo, K. P., Weigel, A., Monroe, M. L., Ryan, P., Henderson, J., Kim, S., Como-Sabetti, K.,…Fry, A. (2020). Hospitalization rates and characteristics of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 — COVID-NET, 14 states, March 1–30, 2020. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(15), 458–464. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e3externalicon
- Haleem, A., Javaid, M., & Vaishya, R. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in daily life. Current Medicine Research and Practice, 10(2), 10(10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.03.011), 78-79. 10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.03.011
- Jiang, X., Mei, X., & Feng, D. (2016). Air pollution and chronic airway diseases: What should people know and do? Journal of Thoracic Diseases, 8(1), E31–E40. 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.11.50.
- Kraus, W., Janz, K., Powell, K., Campbell, W., Jakicic, J., Troiano, R., Sprow, K., Torres, A., & Piercy, K. L. (2019). Daily step counts for measuring physical activity exposure and its relation to health. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 51(6), 1206–1212. 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001932
- Kruse, C., Karem, P., Shifflett, K., Vegi, L., Ravi, K., & Brooks, M. (2018). Evaluating barriers to adopting telemedicine worldwide: A systematic review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 24(1), 4–12. 10.1177/1357633X16674087
- Kurt, O., Zhang, J., & Pinkerton, K. (2016). Pulmonary health effects of air pollution. Current Opinion on Pulmonary Medicine, 22(2), 138–143. 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000248
- Kuys, S., Peel, N., Klein, K., Slater, A., & Hubbard, R. (2014). Gait speed in ambulant older people in long term care: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 15(3), 194–200. 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.10.015
- Lavie, C., Ozemek, C., Carbone, S., Katzmarzyk, P., & Blair, S. (2019). Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health. Circulation Research, 124(5), 799–815. 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.312669
- Mahato, S., Pal, S., & Ghosh, K. (2020). Effect of lockdown amid COVID-19 pandemic on air quality of the megacity Delhi, India. Science of the Total Environment, 730(139086), 139086. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139086
- Pepera GK, S. G. (2012). Influence of step length on 6-minute walk test performance in patients with chronic heart failure. Physiotherapy, 98(4), 325–329.
- Pineau, G., Moqadem, K., St-Hilaire, C., Perreault, R., Levac, E., & Hamel, B. (2006, May 2). TeleHealth: Clinical guidelines and technical standards for telerehabilitation.
- Piotrowicz, E., Baranowski, R., Bilinska, M., Stepnowska, M., Piotrowska, M., Wójcik, A., Piotrowicz, R. (2010). A new model of home-based telemonitored cardiac rehabilitation in patients with heart failure: Effectiveness, quality of life, and adherence. European Journal of Heart Failure, 12(2), 164–171. 10.1093/eurjhf/hfp181
- Scalvini, S., Zanelli, E., Comini, L., Tomba, M., Troise, G., Febo, O., & Giordano, A. (2013). Home-based versus in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery: A nonrandomized controlled study. Physical Therapy, 93(8), 1073–83. 10.2522/ptj.20120212
- Sharma, S., Zhang, M., Anshika, Gao, J., Zhang, H., & Kotaa, S. (2020). Effect of restricted emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India. Science of the Total Environment, 728(138878), 138878. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138878
- Singal, N. (2020, March 21). Business Today.
- Tate, D., Lyons, E., & Valle, C. (2015). High-tech tools for exercise motivation: Use and role of technologies such as the internet, mobile applications, social media, and video games. Diabetes Spectrum, 28(1), 45–54. 10.2337/diaspect.28.1.45
- Thorup, C., Thorup, C., Hansen, J; Grønkjær, M., Andreasen, J. J., Nielsen, G., Sørensen, E. E., & Dinesen, B. I. (2016). Cardiac patients’ walking activity determined by a step counter in cardiac telerehabilitation: Data from the intervention arm of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18(4), e69.
- Zhu, W. (2019). If you are physically fit, you will live a longer and healthier life: An interview with Dr. Steven N. Blair. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 8(6), 524–526.
Source: PubMed