Measurement and analysis of the tracheobronchial tree in Chinese population using computed tomography

Weidong Mi, Changsheng Zhang, Hong Wang, Jiangbei Cao, Changtian Li, Li Yang, Fang Guo, Xianwang Wang, Tie Yang, Weidong Mi, Changsheng Zhang, Hong Wang, Jiangbei Cao, Changtian Li, Li Yang, Fang Guo, Xianwang Wang, Tie Yang

Abstract

Objective: To ascertain accurate measurements of, and the relationships between, the normative parameters of the tracheobronchial trees in the Chinese population using multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) and multi-planar reconstruction (MPR).

Materials and methods: Measurements were performed on 2107 patients who underwent thoracic CT scans in the PLA General Hospital. The lengths of the trachea and the main stem bronchi, and the sizes of the subcarinal angle were obtained through CT or MPR imaging. Multi-variance analyses were performed to detect potential correlations between obtained parameters.

Results: The mean length of the trachea was 104.9 ± 13.4 mm (107.8 ± 13.2 mm for men and 101.4 ± 12.8 mm for women). The mean lengths of the right and left main stem bronchi were 13.6 ± 4.3 and 48.3 ± 6.5 mm, respectively. The right bronchus angle and the left bronchus angle were 34.9 and 42.5 degrees, respectively. Significant gender differences were found in all the parameters measured except for the angle of the right upper lobe bronchus. There are no statistically significant correlations among these parameters.

Conclusions: The normal reference values and the likely ranges of distribution of the tracheobronchial trees in the Chinese population have been established. Significant gender differences exist in the dimensions of the trachea, with the exception of the Right upper bronchial angle (RUA).

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1. Measurements of the length, diameters…
Fig 1. Measurements of the length, diameters and angles using CT scan and MPR.
(A) AP-mcTD (Anteroposterior-Midclavicular tracheal diameter), Tr-mcTD (Transverse-Midclavicular tracheal diameter), (B) Pe-RBD (Proximal end-Right main bronchus internal diameter), RBL (Right main bronchus length), RUBD (Right upper bronchus internal diameter), M-RBD (Intermedius-Right main bronchus internal diameter), (C) LA (Left bronchial angle), RUA (Right upper bronchial angle), RA (Right bronchial angle), (D) LBL (Left main bronchus length).
Fig 2. The scatterplot of the average…
Fig 2. The scatterplot of the average TL (Tracheal length) and Height.
(A) Male, (B) Female.
Fig 3. Lengths of trachea from subjects…
Fig 3. Lengths of trachea from subjects with age 18 to 90.
Values for each 10 year period were averaged.
Fig 4. Mean AP-mcTD (Anteroposterior-Midclavicular tracheal diameter)…
Fig 4. Mean AP-mcTD (Anteroposterior-Midclavicular tracheal diameter) of trachea from subjects with age 18 to 90.
Values for each 10 year period were averaged.
Fig 5. Mean Tr-mcTD (Transverse-Midclavicular tracheal diameter)…
Fig 5. Mean Tr-mcTD (Transverse-Midclavicular tracheal diameter) of trachea from subjects with age 18 to 90.
Values for each 10 year period were averaged.

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