Bean and rice meals reduce postprandial glycemic response in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-over study

Sharon V Thompson, Donna M Winham, Andrea M Hutchins, Sharon V Thompson, Donna M Winham, Andrea M Hutchins

Abstract

Background: Around the world, beans and rice are commonly consumed together as a meal. With type 2 diabetes increasing, the effect of this traditional diet pattern on glycemic response has not been studied fully.

Methods: We evaluated the glycemic response of bean and rice traditional meals compared to rice alone in adults with type 2 diabetes. Seventeen men and women with type 2 diabetes controlled by metformin (n = 14) or diet/exercise (n = 3) aged 35-70 years participated in the randomized 4 × 4 crossover trial. The white long grain rice control, pinto beans/rice, black beans/rice, red kidney beans/rice test meals, matched for 50 grams of available carbohydrate, were consumed at breakfast after a 12 hour fast. Capillary blood glucose concentrations at baseline and at 30 minute intervals up to 180 minutes postprandial were collected. MANOVA for repeated measures established glucose differences between treatments. Paired t tests identified differences between bean types and the rice control following a significant MANOVA.

Results: Postprandial net glucose values were significantly lower for the three bean/rice treatments in contrast to the rice control at 90, 120 and 150 minutes. Incremental area under the curve values were significantly lower for the pinto and black bean/rice meals compared to rice alone, but not for kidney beans.

Conclusions: Pinto, dark red kidney and black beans with rice attenuate the glycemic response compared to rice alone. Promotion of traditional foods may provide non-pharmaceutical management of type 2 diabetes and improve dietary adherence with cultural groups.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01241253.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Consort flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Influence of treatments on postprandial net glucose (n = 17)1. Figure Legend: White Rice; Kidney Beans/Rice; Black Beans/Rice; Pinto Beans/Rice. 1 All values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM). * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001.

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