Early vascular aging in young and middle-aged ischemic stroke patients: the Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study

Sahrai Saeed, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, Annette Fromm, Halvor Øygarden, Marina V Kokorina, Halvor Naess, Eva Gerdts, Sahrai Saeed, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, Annette Fromm, Halvor Øygarden, Marina V Kokorina, Halvor Naess, Eva Gerdts

Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke survivors have high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality even at young age, suggesting that early arterial aging is common among such patients.

Methods: We measured aortic stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 205 patients (69% men) aged 15-60 years with acute ischemic stroke in the prospective Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study. High for age carotid-femoral PWV was identified in the reference normogram.

Results: Patients were on average 49 ± 10 years old, 34% had a history of hypertension and 37% had metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the total study population, higher PWV was associated with history of hypertension (β = 0.18), higher age (β = 0.34), systolic blood pressure (BP) (β = 0.28) and serum creatinine (β = 0.18) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (β = -0.10, all p < 0.01) in multivariate linear regression analysis (multiple R2 = 0.42, p < 0.001). High for age PWV was found in 18% of patients. In univariate analyses, known hypertension was associated with a 6-fold, MetS with a 4-fold and presence of carotid plaque with a 3.7-fold higher risk for high for age PWV (all p < 0.01). In multiple logistic regression analysis higher systolic BP (odds ratio [OR] 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.06; p < 0.01), history of hypertension (OR 3.59; 95% CI 1.52-8.51; p < 0.01), low HDL cholesterol (OR 3.03; 95% CI 1.00-9.09; p = 0.05) and higher serum creatinine (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.06; p < 0.01) were associated with high for age PWV.

Conclusions: Higher PWV is common in younger and middle-aged ischemic stroke patients and associated with a clustering of classical cardiovascular risk factors. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01597453.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1. PWV analysis from a study…
Figure 1. PWV analysis from a study participant with high for age PWV, i.e. PWV above the age-adjusted normative values based on healthy population (16).

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Source: PubMed

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