Dietary intake and nutritional deficiencies in patients with diabetic or idiopathic gastroparesis
Henry P Parkman, Katherine P Yates, William L Hasler, Linda Nguyan, Pankaj J Pasricha, William J Snape, Gianrico Farrugia, Jorge Calles, Kenneth L Koch, Thomas L Abell, Richard W McCallum, Dorothy Petito, Carol Rees Parrish, Frank Duffy, Linda Lee, Aynur Unalp-Arida, James Tonascia, Frank Hamilton, NIDDK Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium, Pankaj Jay Pasricha, Marina Basina, Jen Block, Bruce Buckingham, Paula Clinton, Kakali Hossain, Linda Nguyen, Nighat Ullah, William Snape, Nata DeVole, Karen Earle, Mary Greene, Mareo Minglana, Kjersti Kirkeby, Sue Louiseau, Corrie Nunan-Lui, Shelly Parker, Katerina Shetler, Henry P Parkman, Carol Homko, Steven Kantor, Vanessa Lytes, Amiya Palit, Murali Pathikonda, Priyanka Sachdeva, Elias Siraj, Kellie Simmons, Richard W McCallum, Tamis Bright, Sean Connery, Reza Hejazi, Joel Saldana, Irene Sarosiek, Denise Vasquez, Natalia Vega, William Hasler, Michelle Atkinson, William Herman, Amy E Rothberg, Sacha Uelman, Thomas Abell, Om Amin, JoAnne Fordham, Olivia Henry, Pam Hynes, Archana Kedar, Valerie McNair, Natalie Moody, Margaret Smith, Danielle Spree, Kenneth Koch, Lynn Baxter, Jorge Calles, Samantha Culler, Judy Hooker, Lata Menon, Paula Stuart, Gianrico Farrugia, Cheryl Bernard, Frank Hamilton, Vanessa Ameen, Steven James, Rebecca Torrance, Rebekah Van Raaphorst, James Tonascia, Patricia Belt, Ryan Colvin, Michele Donithan, Mika Green, Milana Isaacson, Wana Kim, Linda Lee, Laura Miriel, Alice Sternberg, Aynur Unalp-Arida, Mark Van Natta, Ivana Vaughn, Laura Wilson, Katherine Yates, Henry P Parkman, Katherine P Yates, William L Hasler, Linda Nguyan, Pankaj J Pasricha, William J Snape, Gianrico Farrugia, Jorge Calles, Kenneth L Koch, Thomas L Abell, Richard W McCallum, Dorothy Petito, Carol Rees Parrish, Frank Duffy, Linda Lee, Aynur Unalp-Arida, James Tonascia, Frank Hamilton, NIDDK Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium, Pankaj Jay Pasricha, Marina Basina, Jen Block, Bruce Buckingham, Paula Clinton, Kakali Hossain, Linda Nguyen, Nighat Ullah, William Snape, Nata DeVole, Karen Earle, Mary Greene, Mareo Minglana, Kjersti Kirkeby, Sue Louiseau, Corrie Nunan-Lui, Shelly Parker, Katerina Shetler, Henry P Parkman, Carol Homko, Steven Kantor, Vanessa Lytes, Amiya Palit, Murali Pathikonda, Priyanka Sachdeva, Elias Siraj, Kellie Simmons, Richard W McCallum, Tamis Bright, Sean Connery, Reza Hejazi, Joel Saldana, Irene Sarosiek, Denise Vasquez, Natalia Vega, William Hasler, Michelle Atkinson, William Herman, Amy E Rothberg, Sacha Uelman, Thomas Abell, Om Amin, JoAnne Fordham, Olivia Henry, Pam Hynes, Archana Kedar, Valerie McNair, Natalie Moody, Margaret Smith, Danielle Spree, Kenneth Koch, Lynn Baxter, Jorge Calles, Samantha Culler, Judy Hooker, Lata Menon, Paula Stuart, Gianrico Farrugia, Cheryl Bernard, Frank Hamilton, Vanessa Ameen, Steven James, Rebecca Torrance, Rebekah Van Raaphorst, James Tonascia, Patricia Belt, Ryan Colvin, Michele Donithan, Mika Green, Milana Isaacson, Wana Kim, Linda Lee, Laura Miriel, Alice Sternberg, Aynur Unalp-Arida, Mark Van Natta, Ivana Vaughn, Laura Wilson, Katherine Yates
Abstract
Background & aims: Gastroparesis can lead to food aversion, poor oral intake, and subsequent malnutrition. We characterized dietary intake and nutritional deficiencies in patients with diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis.
Methods: Patients with gastroparesis on oral intake (N = 305) were enrolled in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Gastroparesis Registry and completed diet questionnaires at 7 centers. Medical history, gastroparesis symptoms, answers to the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, and gastric emptying scintigraphy results were analyzed.
Results: Caloric intake averaged 1168 ± 801 kcal/day, amounting to 58% ± 39% of daily total energy requirements (TER). A total of 194 patients (64%) reported caloric-deficient diets, defined as <60% of estimated TER. Only 5 patients (2%) followed a diet suggested for patients with gastroparesis. Deficiencies were present in several vitamins and minerals; patients with idiopathic disorders were more likely to have diets with estimated deficiencies in vitamins A, B(6), C, K, iron, potassium, and zinc than diabetic patients. Only one-third of patients were taking multivitamin supplements. More severe symptoms (bloating and constipation) were characteristic of patients who reported an energy-deficient diet. Overall, 32% of patients had nutritional consultation after the onset of gastroparesis; consultation was more likely among patients with longer duration of symptoms and more hospitalizations and patients with diabetes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that nutritional consultation increased the chances that daily TER were met (odds ratio, 1.51; P = .08).
Conclusions: Many patients with gastroparesis have diets deficient in calories, vitamins, and minerals. Nutritional consultation is obtained infrequently but is suggested for dietary therapy and to address nutritional deficiencies.
Copyright © 2011 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source: PubMed