Jump performance in male and female football players

Amelia J H Arundale, Joanna Kvist, Martin Hägglund, Anne Fältström, Amelia J H Arundale, Joanna Kvist, Martin Hägglund, Anne Fältström

Abstract

Purpose: To examine differences between men and women football players in clinically feasible jumping measures.

Methods: Female football players (N = 46, ages 16-25) were matched based on age, training frequency, and playing position with 46 male players. All players performed the tuck jump and drop vertical jump (DVJ). DVJ was assessed quantitatively for valgus knee motion and probability of a high peak knee abduction moment (pKAM), as well as sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle angles, and qualitatively with visual assessment of the player's knees upon landing; graded as good, reduced, or poor control.

Result: Women had higher total tuck jump scores (5 ± 2) (more technique flaws), than men (3 ± 2, P < 0.01). The quantitative analysis of the DVJ found that men had greater asymmetries between limbs, but women landed bilaterally in more knee valgus (interaction P = 0.04, main effect of sex P = 0.02). There was no difference in pKAM (interaction n.s.). Women also landed in less hip flexion (P = 0.01) and ankle dorsiflexion (P = 0.01) than men. The qualitative DVJ analysis found that more women (48%) had poor knee control compared to men (11%, P < 0.01).

Conclusions: The results indicate that women perform worse on the tuck jump assessment than men. The results support previous findings that women land in more knee valgus than men, but also found that men may have larger asymmetries in knee valgus. These results from clinically feasible measures provide some suggestions for clinicians to consider during ACL reconstruction rehabilitation to enhance performance.

Keywords: ACL; Anterior cruciate ligament; Drop vertical jump; Knee; Prevention; Rehabilitation; Sex; Soccer; Tuck jump; Valgus.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study flowchart
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Distribution of total tuck jump scores in men and women. Total tuck jump scores range from 0 (no technique flaws) to 10 (technique flaws on all ten tuck jump items)

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