Exercise training with weight loss and either a high- or low-glycemic index diet reduces metabolic syndrome severity in older adults
Steven K Malin, Nicole Niemi, Thomas P J Solomon, Jacob M Haus, Karen R Kelly, Julianne Filion, Michael Rocco, Sangeeta R Kashyap, Hope Barkoukis, John P Kirwan, Steven K Malin, Nicole Niemi, Thomas P J Solomon, Jacob M Haus, Karen R Kelly, Julianne Filion, Michael Rocco, Sangeeta R Kashyap, Hope Barkoukis, John P Kirwan
Abstract
Background: The efficacy of combining carbohydrate quality with exercise on metabolic syndrome risk is unclear. Thus, we determined the effects of exercise training with a low (LoGIx)- or high (HiGIx)-glycemic index diet on the severity of the metabolic syndrome (Z-score).
Methods: Twenty-one adults (66.2±1.1 years; BMI=35.3±0.9 kg/m2) with the metabolic syndrome were randomized to 12 weeks of exercise (60 min/day for 5 days/week at about 85% HRmax) and provided a LoGIx (n=11) or HiGIx (n=10) diet. Z-scores were determined from: blood pressure, triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and waist circumference (WC) before and after the intervention. Body composition, aerobic fitness, insulin resistance, and nonesterfied fatty acid (NEFA) suppression were also assessed.
Results: LoGIx and HiGIx diets decreased body mass and insulin resistance and increased aerobic fitness comparably (p<0.05). LoGIx and HiGIx diets decreased the Z-score similarly as each intervention decreased blood pressure, TGs, FPG and WC (p<0.05). The HiGIx diet tended to suppress NEFA during insulin stimulation compared with the LoGIx diet (p=0.06).
Conclusions: Our findings highlight that exercise with weight loss reduces the severity of the metabolic syndrome whether individuals were randomized to a HiGIx or a LoGIx diet.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors report no conflict of interest.
Figures
![Figure 1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3586384/bin/nihms417647f1a.jpg)
Figure 1
Figure 1a. Effects of HiGIx…
Figure 1
Figure 1a. Effects of HiGIx and LoGIx on metabolic syndrome Z-score outcomes. Data…
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- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Aged
- Blood Glucose / analysis
- Blood Pressure
- Body Composition
- Body Mass Index
- Cholesterol, HDL
- Diet*
- Exercise / physiology*
- Female
- Glycemic Index / physiology*
- Humans
- Insulin / blood
- Insulin Resistance
- Male
- Metabolic Syndrome / diet therapy*
- Metabolic Syndrome / physiopathology*
- Obesity / diet therapy
- Obesity / physiopathology
- Triglycerides / blood
- Waist Circumference
- Weight Loss / physiology*
- Blood Glucose
- Cholesterol, HDL
- Insulin
- Triglycerides
![Figure 1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3586384/bin/nihms417647f1b.jpg)
Source: PubMed