Safety and Efficacy of a New Smartphone-controlled Vibrating Capsule on Defecation in Beagles

Jin Yu, Yang-Yang Qian, Chao-Hui He, Shu-Guang Zhu, An-Jing Zhao, Qian-Qian Zhu, Cheng-Wei Shao, Tie-Gong Wang, Yang Wang, Gui-Ling Ding, Zhuan Liao, Zhao-Shen Li, Jin Yu, Yang-Yang Qian, Chao-Hui He, Shu-Guang Zhu, An-Jing Zhao, Qian-Qian Zhu, Cheng-Wei Shao, Tie-Gong Wang, Yang Wang, Gui-Ling Ding, Zhuan Liao, Zhao-Shen Li

Abstract

Constipation, mainly manifesting as abdominal discomfort and painful defecation, is considered as a chronic disorder. Due to a lack of effective therapy, it imposes a significant economic burden and greatly impacts patients' quality of life which prompt searches for new, original approaches. Based on the research of vibrating capsule (VC) carried out by Ron et al., we investigated the safety and efficacy of an innovative, multi-mode VC in terms of its effect on defecation in animal studies. The parameters associated with different operation modes of VCs can be detected and adjusted by smartphone controlled external configuration device (ECD). The results of blood tests, physiological parameters, CT scan and pathological examination showed no significant abnormality, which undoubtedly confirmed the safety of VCs. For efficacy studies, defecation frequency of beagles increased after administration of these capsules without influence on stool characters. Meanwhile, the mean time of capsule evacuation tended to be reduced while showing no significant difference between different modes. In summary, this study elucidates the safety and effectiveness of VC in prompting the passage of gastrointestinal walls thus greatly increasing the defecation frequency. This study innovatively displays the promising application of VC in the treatment of constipation.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Radiographic examinations after administration of ultra-high frequency capsules. (A) Abdominal plain film after 2 hours’ vibration at ultra-high frequency. (B) CT image of stomach (arrow showing VC in the stomach). (C) CT image of intestine. (D) CT image of rectum.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pathological sections of integrated gastrointestinal wall after capsule administration. None reported lesion or abnormality. (A) Stomach. (B) Duodenum. (C) Jejunum. (D) Ileum. (E,F) Colon.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Efficacy study results. (A) The median defecation frequency increasing greatly after administration of VCs at different modes compared with that at the baseline. (B) VC administration proved to improve stool quantity. Median values were denoted by the central horizontal line within the boxplots containing IQR for the results. (C) VC administration did not change the faecal character which showed its safety. (D) Mean expulsion time of capsules at different modes depicted by the horizental line showing no significant difference. (dots, square, triangle indicating beagles swallowing low, moderate and high mode VCs, respectively).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Activity of capsules can be detected and adjusted by configurator and configurator-matched App externally.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Diagram of vibrating capsule and external configuration device.

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Source: PubMed

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