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Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Community Via "Quit to Win" Contest 2026: Engagement-Focused GenAI-based Chatbot for Real-Time Smoking Cessation Support (QTW2026)

9. juni 2026 opdateret af: Prof. Wang Man-Ping, The University of Hong Kong

Building Capacity and Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Community Via "Quit to Win" Contest 2026: Real-time Smoking Cessation Instant Messaging Support Using a Engagement-Focused Large Language Model (LLM)-Based Chatbot

The goal of this trial is to learn if chatbot-based instant messaging works to help smoking cessation in general adult smokers. It will also learn about the experience, attitude, and perception of using an LLM-based chatbot. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. Will an engagement-focused LLM-based chatbot smoking cessation intervention have a non-inferior validated abstinence rate than the control group?
  2. Will an LLM-based chatbot smoking cessation intervention have a non-inferior self-reported abstinence rate, smoking reduction rate, and smoking cessation services use rate than the control group?

Researchers will compare an LLM-based chatbot smoking-cessation intervention to a human-led instant messaging support group (brief advice based on AWARD and personalised active referral) to determine whether chatbot-based instant messaging support promotes smoking cessation.

Participants in the intervention group will receive:

  1. AWARD advice
  2. Personalised active referral
  3. 12 weeks of chatbot-based instant messaging support (via WhatsApp)

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Although smoking prevalence in Hong Kong has declined to 9.1% in 2023, achieving the government's target of 7.8% by 2025 remains a major public health challenge. Unassisted "cold turkey" quitting has a long-term success rate of less than 5%, whereas evidence-based behavioural and pharmacological interventions can raise success rates to approximately 20% or higher. However, existing cessation services in Hong Kong face a critical utilisation gap: only 17.5% of smokers have engaged with professional services, and merely 23% have used nicotine replacement therapy. This underutilisation suggests that traditional human-resource-intensive models may lack accessibility, scalability, and local appeal. Generative AI, particularly large language models, offers a transformative solution by delivering consistent, scalable, and personalised support. In the 2025 "Quit to Win" round, we integrated an LLM-based chatbot via WhatsApp and received positive qualitative feedback. Yet quantitative analysis revealed a sharp engagement decline, with weekly participation dropping from 32% in week 1 to 14% by week 12, indicating that conversational ability alone does not guarantee sustained user commitment. To address this implementation gap, we have developed an engagement-focused GenAI companion that incorporates structured onboarding, context-aware personalisation, multimodal (text/audio) input, empathetic support, habit-aligned reminders, localised humour, and gamified features such as success stories and knowledge quizzes. Therefore, our study aims to test, via a two-arm non-inferiority randomised controlled trial, the effectiveness of a comprehensive intervention combining brief cessation advice (AWARD), personalised active referral, and this engagement-enhanced GenAI chatbot support compared with human-led instant messaging counselling among current smokers who join the Quit to Win Contest across all 18 districts of Hong Kong.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

998

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Man Ping Wang, PhD
  • Telefonnummer: +852 3917 6636
  • E-mail: mpwang@hku.hk

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

Studiesteder

  • Hong Kong
    • Hong Kong
      • Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077
        • Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)
        • Kontakt:
          • Man Ping Wang, PhD
          • Telefonnummer: +852 3917 6636
          • E-mail: mpwang@hku.hk
        • Underforsker:
          • Shengzhi Zhao, PhD
        • Underforsker:
          • Xiaoyun Xie, MPH
        • Underforsker:
          • Mengyao Li, Mphil
        • Kontakt:
        • Ledende efterforsker:
          • Man Ping Wang
        • Underforsker:
          • Ziqiu Guo, PhD
        • Underforsker:
          • Yilan Wu, MGH

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen
  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Hong Kong residents aged 18 years or above
  2. Smoke at least one cigarette (including heated tobacco products) per day or use an e-cigarette daily in the preceding 3 months
  3. Able to communicate in Cantonese (including reading and writing Chinese)
  4. Saliva cotinine level ≥30 ng/mL
  5. Intention to quit or reduce smoking
  6. Have WhatsApp installed
  7. Able to use WhatsApp for communication

Exclusion Criteria:

Currently participating in other smoking cessation programmes or using any smoking cessation drug

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Sundhedstjenesteforskning
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Interventionsgruppe
Adfærdsmæssigt: Påmindelsesbeskeder
WhatsApp-meddelelser om opfølgningsundersøgelser.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AWARD advice
A brief (30-60 seconds) face-to-face or remote smoking cessation advice delivered using the validated AWARD model: Ask about smoking history; Warn about high health risks (accompanied by a health warning leaflet); Advise quitting as soon as possible and setting a quit date (to qualify for contest prizes); Refer to smoking cessation services using a referral card; Do it again - repeat the intervention at each follow-up, encouraging re-quitting after relapse or relapse prevention after success.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Brief leaflet on health warning and smoking cessation
A two-sided, colour-printed A4 leaflet covering: (1) absolute risk of death from smoking; (2) full list of diseases caused by active and second-hand smoking; (3) ten pictorial warnings of health consequences on one page for maximum impact; (4) benefits of smoking cessation; and (5) simple encouraging messages to quit.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Referral card
A three-folded card containing brief information and highlights of existing smoking cessation services in Hong Kong, contact methods, motivational messages, and strong supporting slogans.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Self-help smoking cessation booklet
A generic booklet provided covering: benefits of quitting, smoking-related diseases, methods to quit, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, a quitting declaration, and other practical tips.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Personalized active referral
Smokers will be introduced to various SC services in Hong Kong (via the referral card) and motivated to use them. Well-trained SC ambassadors will assist smokers in choosing their favourite or most convenient type of service. Research staff will assist participants in booking or re-booking the SC services at the 1- and 2-month follow-ups (after very brief questionnaire surveys). Participants' contact information will be forwarded to SC service providers within 7 days, and providers are expected to contact participants within 1-2 weeks. Research staff will also monitor participants' use of SC services at each follow-up (1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-month) and assist participants in booking or rebooking appointments if necessary at the 1- and 2-month follow-ups. We shall liaise with the existing service providers and seek their assistance in supporting our smokers in a timely manner.
Adfærdsmæssigt: 12 weeks of chatbot-based instant messaging support
Participants in the intervention group will receive 12 weeks of instant messaging support delivered by an LLM-based chatbot (GPT-4o or newer) on WhatsApp, supporting text and audio input. Using prompt engineering, agent techniques, and Retrieval-Augmented Generation, the chatbot delivers theory-based 5As/5Rs-structured interventions alongside freeform, on-demand support, with engagement features including personalisation, proactive check-ins, and interactive Quick Commands.
Aktiv komparator: Kontrolgruppe
Adfærdsmæssigt: Påmindelsesbeskeder
WhatsApp-meddelelser om opfølgningsundersøgelser.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AWARD advice
A brief (30-60 seconds) face-to-face or remote smoking cessation advice delivered using the validated AWARD model: Ask about smoking history; Warn about high health risks (accompanied by a health warning leaflet); Advise quitting as soon as possible and setting a quit date (to qualify for contest prizes); Refer to smoking cessation services using a referral card; Do it again - repeat the intervention at each follow-up, encouraging re-quitting after relapse or relapse prevention after success.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Brief leaflet on health warning and smoking cessation
A two-sided, colour-printed A4 leaflet covering: (1) absolute risk of death from smoking; (2) full list of diseases caused by active and second-hand smoking; (3) ten pictorial warnings of health consequences on one page for maximum impact; (4) benefits of smoking cessation; and (5) simple encouraging messages to quit.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Referral card
A three-folded card containing brief information and highlights of existing smoking cessation services in Hong Kong, contact methods, motivational messages, and strong supporting slogans.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Self-help smoking cessation booklet
A generic booklet provided covering: benefits of quitting, smoking-related diseases, methods to quit, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, a quitting declaration, and other practical tips.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Personalized active referral
Smokers will be introduced to various SC services in Hong Kong (via the referral card) and motivated to use them. Well-trained SC ambassadors will assist smokers in choosing their favourite or most convenient type of service. Research staff will assist participants in booking or re-booking the SC services at the 1- and 2-month follow-ups (after very brief questionnaire surveys). Participants' contact information will be forwarded to SC service providers within 7 days, and providers are expected to contact participants within 1-2 weeks. Research staff will also monitor participants' use of SC services at each follow-up (1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-month) and assist participants in booking or rebooking appointments if necessary at the 1- and 2-month follow-ups. We shall liaise with the existing service providers and seek their assistance in supporting our smokers in a timely manner.
Adfærdsmæssigt: 12 weeks of human-led instant messaging support
Participants in the control group will receive 12 weeks of instant messaging support delivered by a trained human counsellor via WhatsApp. Using the same theoretical frameworks as the chatbot intervention, the counsellor will provide real-time behavioural and psychosocial support grounded in the 5As/5Rs models, Motivational Interviewing (MI), and evidence-based Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs). The support will be personalised according to each participant's sociodemographic characteristics, smoking patterns, quit intentions, and plans.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Biokemisk valideret abstinens
Tidsramme: 6 måneders opfølgning
Defineret som udåndet CO-niveau <4ppm og spyt-kotinin-niveau ≤30 ng/ml
6 måneders opfølgning

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Biokemisk valideret abstinens
Tidsramme: 3 måneders opfølgning
Defineret som udåndet CO-niveau <4ppm og spyt-kotinin-niveau ≤30 ng/ml
3 måneders opfølgning
Selvrapporteret 7-dages pointudbredelse afholdenhed
Tidsramme: 3- og 6-måneders opfølgning
Rygere, der ikke ryger engang en puff i de 7 dage forud for opfølgningen
3- og 6-måneders opfølgning
Selvrapporteret reduktion
Tidsramme: 1-, 2-, 3- og 6-måneders opfølgning
Defineret ved mindst 50% reduktion i baseline dagligt antal cigaretter
1-, 2-, 3- og 6-måneders opfølgning
Selvrapporteret brug af rygestop-service
Tidsramme: 1-, 2-, 3- og 6-måneders opfølgning
Brug af rygestop-service ved 1-, 2-, 3- og 6-måneders opfølgning.
1-, 2-, 3- og 6-måneders opfølgning
Prolonged abstinence
Tidsramme: 3-month and 6-month follow-ups
Abstinence from smoking for 3 consecutive months at 3-month follow-up, or for 6 consecutive months at 6-month follow-up
3-month and 6-month follow-ups
Quit attempt
Tidsramme: 1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups
Abstinence for at least 24 hours
1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups
Post-cessation weight change
Tidsramme: 6-month follow-up
Self-reported change in body weight (in kilograms) from baseline to follow-up
6-month follow-up
Self-reported mental health conditions
Tidsramme: Baseline and 6-month follow-up
Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4)
Baseline and 6-month follow-up
Self-reported smoking-related health conditions
Tidsramme: Baseline and 6-month follow-up
Answer "Yes" to experiencing any smoking-related health condition during smoking cessation or reduction
Baseline and 6-month follow-up
Chatbot user experience
Tidsramme: 3-month follow-up
Chatbot Usability Scale
3-month follow-up

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

The University of Hong Kong

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Man Ping Wang, The University of Hong Kong

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

20. juni 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

30. juni 2027

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

30. juni 2028

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

9. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

9. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

15. juni 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

15. juni 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

9. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juni 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • QTW2026

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