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Multicomponent Exercise and Frailty in Nursing Home Residents (BASE-Frail)

1. juli 2026 opdateret af: Jadrana Sore, Escoles Universitaries Gimbernat

Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Frailty in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Multicenter Controlled Study

Frailty is common among older adults living in nursing homes and increases the risk of falls, disability, and loss of independence. However, there is limited evidence on practical and feasible exercise programs adapted to this population.

This study evaluated the effects of a multicomponent exercise program combining strength and balance training in residents aged 65 years and older. Participants were assigned to either an intervention group, which performed supervised exercise sessions twice a week for 8 weeks, or a control group, which continued their usual activities.

The main outcome was frailty, measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery. Other outcomes included balance, functional independence, sarcopenia, fear of falling, and number of falls.

This study was retrospectively registered.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Frailty is a multidimensional clinical condition highly prevalent among older adults living in institutional settings and is associated with increased risk of falls, disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Despite growing evidence supporting physical exercise interventions, there is still a need for structured, feasible, and clinically applicable programs specifically designed for nursing home residents.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent exercise program on frailty and related outcomes in institutionalized older adults. A multicenter, controlled, non-randomized design was used, including participants recruited from eight nursing homes.

Participants aged 65 years and older were allocated by residential center to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group participated in the Balance and Strength Exercises (BASE) program, consisting of supervised sessions performed twice weekly for 8 weeks. Each session included a combination of strength and balance exercises with progressive levels adapted to individual capacity. The control group continued their usual care and routine activities.

The primary outcome was frailty, assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Secondary outcomes included balance, measured with the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA); sarcopenia, measured with the Strength, Assistance with Walking, Rise from a Chair, Climb Stairs, and Falls Questionnaire (SARC-F); functional independence, measured with the Barthel Index; fear of falling, measured with the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (Short FES-I); and the number of falls occurring during the study period.

Assessments were conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention (8 weeks), and at follow-up (20 weeks). The study evaluated both the immediate effects of the intervention and the persistence of outcomes after cessation.

This study was retrospectively registered following completion of data collection.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

66

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Spanien
    • Barcelona
      • Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spanien, 08174
        • Escoles Universitàries Gimbernat

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged 65 years or older
  • Living in a nursing home
  • Ability to walk at least 10 meters (with or without assistive devices)
  • Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥19

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases
  • Advanced dementia
  • Parkinson's disease
  • Hemodynamic instability
  • Lower limb fractures under rehabilitation within the past year

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Ikke-randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Multicomponent Exercise Program (BASE)
Participants engaged in a supervised multicomponent exercise program including strength and balance training, performed twice weekly for 8 weeks.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Multicomponent Exercise Program (BASE)
A supervised multicomponent exercise program including strength and balance training, performed twice weekly for 8 weeks. Each session lasted 30-40 minutes and included warm-up, strength exercises, and progressively adapted balance tasks based on individual capacity.
Andet: Usual Care
Participants continued their usual care and routine activities provided by their nursing homes.
Andet: Usual Care
Participants continued their usual care and routine physical activities provided by the nursing homes without additional structured intervention.
Andre navne:
  • Standard pleje

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Frailty assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Tidsramme: Baseline to 8 weeks
Frailty was measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), which includes assessments of balance, gait speed, and chair rise performance. Total scores range from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating better physical performance.
Baseline to 8 weeks

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Balance assessed by the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
Tidsramme: Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Balance was measured using the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), which evaluates static and dynamic balance as well as gait performance. Total scores range from 0 to 28, with higher scores indicating better balance and mobility.
Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Sarcopenia assessed by SARC-F
Tidsramme: Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Sarcopenia was measured using the Strength, Assistance with Walking, Rise from a Chair, Climb Stairs, and Falls Questionnaire (SARC-F), a self-reported screening tool for sarcopenia risk. Total scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating a greater risk of sarcopenia.
Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Functional independence assessed by the Barthel Index
Tidsramme: Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Functional independence was measured using the Barthel Index, which assesses the ability to perform activities of daily living, including feeding, bathing, dressing, toileting, mobility, and stair climbing. Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater functional independence.
Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Fear of falling assessed by Short FES-I
Tidsramme: Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Fear of falling was measured using the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (Short FES-I), which assesses concerns about falling during everyday activities. Total scores range from 7 to 28, with higher scores indicating greater fear of falling.
Baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks
Number of falls
Tidsramme: Throughout the 20-week study period
Falls were measured as the total number of falls recorded during the study period using incident reports from the participating nursing homes. Higher values indicate a greater frequency of falls.
Throughout the 20-week study period

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Escoles Universitaries Gimbernat

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

30. november 2021

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

31. januar 2022

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

31. december 2022

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

25. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

1. juli 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

7. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

7. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

1. juli 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juli 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • CEEAH-UAB-5654

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