Cognitive Effects of Music and Dance Training in Children
Cognitive Effects of Music and Dance Training in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The study used a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of two interventions (dance and musical training) for typically developing children. Interventions were run for three weeks in local community locations. Participants were tested before and after the intervention on a battery of cognitive and behavioural measures. They were compared across groups, and to a control group who do not receive the intervention.
The purpose of the current study was to assess the influence of dance and musical training on cognitive development. Research has indicated that musical training is associated with improve cognitive functioning, although the direction of such an association is unclear. Further, it is uncertain whether any benefits are specific to musical training or can also be demonstrated with other training activities. The current study used a randomized controlled trial to assess the causal effects of dance and musical training.
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Statut
Les conditions
Les conditions
Intervention / Traitement
Intervention / Traitement
Description détaillée
Participants Monolingual children aged between six and nine years old were recruited from two local communities in Ontario, Canada. Children with developmental delays, learning disabilities, or previous arts training were excluded from the study.
Participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups
- Dance intervention group
- Music intervention group
To establish baseline performance levels and have a comparison, a passive control group was collected from the same towns using the same exclusion criteria.
Data analysis Difference scores were calculated for each measure by subtracting each participant's second testing session data from the first. When appropriate, iterative trimming with a 3 SD cutoff was used, by subject and by condition, to remove outliers. Results for each measure were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs (analysis of variance) for the between-subjects factor of training group (music, dance, or control).
Type d'étude
Type d'étude
Inscription (Réel)
Inscription
Phase
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Critères de participation
Critère d'éligibilité
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
Accepte les volontaires sains
Sexes éligibles pour l'étude
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Monolingual
Exclusion Criteria:
- Developmental delays or learning disabilities
- Previous arts training (in dance, drama, or music)
Plan d'étude
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: Science basique
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
- Masquage: Tripler
Nombre de bras
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / BrasGroupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / TraitementIntervention / Traitement |
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Expérimental: Music Training
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Training curriculums were developed using guidelines set by the Ontario Ministry of Education (The Ontario Curriculum, 2009) for teaching music to grades 1 to 3. Music was delineated into duration, pitch, dynamics and other expressive controls, timbre, texture/harmony, and form.
training included direct instruction and group activities.
All training programs had the same structure: a warm-up period, following by instruction from a teacher, and then group activities to practically demonstrate the concepts learned.
Both programs involved working towards a variety of ensembles.
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Comparateur actif: Dance Training
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As with music training, dance was operationally defined by fundamental concepts for the art form, namely elements for body, space, time, energy, and relationship.
The intervention involved both individual and group activities, with a combination of instruction and practical activities, and preparation for a final performance.
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Aucune intervention: Passive control group
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in visuospatial working memory
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
|
Self-ordered pointing task (Cragg & Nation, 2007)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in interference control on flanker
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Flanker task (Bunge, Dudukovic, Thomason, Vaidya, & Gabriela, 2002)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in color-shape task switching
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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color-shape task (Wiseheart, Viswanathan, & Bialystok, 2015)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in verbal working memory
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Digit span (Weschler, 2008)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in interference control on Stroop
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
|
Stroop task (Cepeda, Blackwell, & Munakata, 2013)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in quantity-identity task switching
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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quantity-identity task (Cepeda, Cepeda, & Kramer, 2000)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Change in processing speed using box completion
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
|
Box completion (Salthouse, 1993)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in Non-verbal intelligence
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT-2; Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in Receptive vocabulary
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-IV; Dunn, Dunn, & Lenhard, 2015)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in processing speed using digit symbol
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Digit symbol (Weschler, 1991)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Change in processing speed using symbol copy
Délai: Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Symbol copy (Weschler, 1991)
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Before and after intervention (3 weeks gap)
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Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
Parrainer
Parrainer
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Réel)
Début de l'étude
Achèvement primaire (Réel)
Achèvement primaire
Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)
Achèvement de l'étude
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
Première soumission
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première publication (Réel)
Première publication
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
Dernière mise à jour publiée
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière vérification
Dernière vérification
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- YorkU-MD1
Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)
Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?
Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
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